Home Economics Lesson Plan – Primary 6, Second Term, Week 10
First Aid Box: Materials and Their Uses
Lesson Details
- Subject: Home Economics
- Class: Primary 6
- Term: Second Term
- Week: 10
- Age: 10–11 years
- Sub-topic: Materials in a first aid box and their uses
- Duration: 40 minutes
Behavioral Objectives
By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
- Explain what a first aid box is.
- Mention the materials in a first aid box.
- Describe the uses of each item in a first aid box.
Keywords
- First aid
- Emergency
- Materials
- Treatment
- Safety
Set Induction
Begin by asking pupils:
- “What will you do if someone gets injured on the playground?”
- “Have you ever seen a box with medical supplies like plasters or bandages? What is it called?”
Display a picture of a first aid box and its contents. Ask pupils to guess what each item is used for.
Entry Behavior
Pupils should already know:
- Basic safety practices, such as avoiding hazards.
- Simple actions like cleaning a small wound.
Learning Resources and Materials
- A sample first aid box (if available) or a diagram showing its contents.
- Flashcards with pictures of items in a first aid box.
- Charts explaining the uses of different first aid materials.
Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge
Remind pupils that they previously learned about maintaining hygiene and preventing accidents in the kitchen. Emphasize that when accidents happen, it is important to know how to give first aid before going to the hospital.
Embedded Core Skills
- Critical Thinking: Understanding how to respond to emergencies.
- Communication: Discussing the uses of first aid materials.
- Problem-Solving: Deciding which materials to use in different situations.
Reference Books
- Lagos State Scheme of Work
- Basic Home Economics for Primary Schools
Instructional Materials
- Real or illustrated first aid box.
- Charts and posters of first aid items.
- Flashcards with descriptions of first aid materials.
Lesson Content
What is a First Aid Box?
- A first aid box is a container that holds materials used to provide immediate care during an accident or emergency before professional help arrives.
Materials in a First Aid Box and Their Uses
- Plasters/Bandages:
- Use: Cover small cuts or wounds to stop bleeding and prevent infection.
- Cotton Wool:
- Use: Clean wounds or apply antiseptics.
- Antiseptic Solution (e.g., Dettol):
- Use: Clean wounds to kill germs and prevent infection.
- Scissors:
- Use: Cut bandages, tapes, or clothing near a wound.
- Gauze:
- Use: Cover and protect larger wounds.
- Adhesive Tape:
- Use: Hold bandages or gauze in place.
- Thermometer:
- Use: Measure body temperature.
- Pain Relievers (e.g., Paracetamol):
- Use: Reduce pain or fever during an emergency.
- Gloves:
- Use: Protect hands while treating a wound to avoid contamination.
- Tweezers:
- Use: Remove splinters or small objects from the skin.
Examples of First Aid Situations
- Treating a small cut with antiseptic and a plaster.
- Using gauze and tape to cover a larger wound.
- Removing a splinter using tweezers.
- Giving pain relievers to reduce a headache or fever.
- Cleaning a scrape with antiseptic solution and applying a bandage.
First aid is the assistance given to any person suffering a sudden illness or injury, with care provided
to preserve life, prevent the
condition from worsening, or to promote recovery.
CONTENT OF A FIRST AID BOX (KIT):
- Bandages
- Scissors
- Cotton wool
- Gentia violet
- Guaze
- Iodine
- Plaster
- Antiseptic
- Splint
COMMON EMERGENCY
CONDITIONS THAT REQUIRE FIRST
AID:
Many lives are saved year through first aid, given before the emergency services arrived.
Emergency first aid is the care that is given to an injured or sick person
prior to treatment by medically trained personnel.
1. Bleeding
2. Shock
3. Wounds
4. Sprain
5. Dislocation
6. Fractures
7. Fainting
8. Muscle cramp
9. Wounds/Bruises
10. Vomiting
11. Heat exhaustion
Class Activity Discussion
15 Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
- What is a first aid box?
- A container with materials for treating minor injuries.
- Why is it important to have a first aid box?
- To provide quick care during emergencies.
- Name two items found in a first aid box.
- Plasters and antiseptic solution.
- What is cotton wool used for?
- How can bandages be useful?
- To cover and protect wounds.
- What is the use of a thermometer?
- To check body temperature.
- Why should gloves be used during first aid?
- To protect hands and prevent infection.
- What does an antiseptic solution do?
- Kills germs and cleans wounds.
- What tool is used to cut bandages?
- When should pain relievers be used?
- How can tweezers help in first aid?
- What should you do if someone has a small cut?
- Clean it with antiseptic and cover it with a plaster.
- Name an item used to hold gauze in place.
- Can you name a situation where gauze is needed?
- What should you do if a thermometer shows a high temperature?
- Inform an adult and seek medical attention.
COMMON EMERGENCY
CONDITIONS THAT REQUIRE FIRST
AID:
Many lives are saved year through first aid, given before the emergency services arrived.
Emergency first aid is the care that is given to an injured or sick person
prior to treatment by medically trained personnel.
1. Bleeding
2. Shock
3. Wounds
4. Sprain
5. Dislocation
6. Fractures
7. Fainting
8. Muscle cramp
9. Wounds/Bruises
10. Vomiting
11. Heat exhaustion
Presentation Steps
- Revision of Previous Lesson:
- Recap “Kitchen Hygiene” by asking how to handle minor kitchen accidents.
- Introduction of New Topic:
- Show pupils a first aid box and its contents.
- Guided Discussion:
- Explain each item in the first aid box and its use with the help of charts.
- Activity:
- Pupils identify items from a chart and explain how they are used.
- Pupil Participation:
- Pupils discuss when and how to use a first aid box at home or school.
Teacher’s and Learners’ Activities
Teacher’s Activities:
- Display the first aid box or its diagram.
- Explain each item and demonstrate its use.
- Guide pupils through identifying materials and their uses.
Learners’ Activities:
- Answer questions about the first aid box.
- Identify items and explain their functions.
- Role-play how to use specific items in a first aid situation.
Evaluation Questions (Assessment)
- What is a first aid box?
- List three items in a first aid box.
- What is antiseptic solution used for?
- How can gloves be helpful during first aid?
- What is the use of scissors in first aid?
- Why is it important to have pain relievers in a first aid box?
- Name two items used to cover wounds.
- What can you use to remove a splinter?
- Why should a thermometer be in a first aid box?
- What is the purpose of adhesive tape?
Conclusion
- The teacher reviews key points by asking oral questions.
- Feedback is provided based on pupils’ responses and participation.
