AGRIC SCIENCE EXAM QUESTIONS FOR JSS 1

Part A

OBJECTIVES

Answer the following questions

1. Weeds are ____________ plants that grow where they are not desired.
(a) beneficial
(b) invasive
(c) decorative

2. Weeds compete with crops for ____________.
(a) sunlight and nutrients
(b) water and fertilizer
(c) space and pollinators

3. The characteristics of weeds include rapid growth, high seed production, and ____________.
(a) tolerance to herbicides
(b) resistance to diseases
(c) adaptation to diverse environments

4. Weeds can be used as ____________ in composting and mulching.
(a) organic fertilizers
(b) biological pesticides
(c) livestock feed

5. The effects of weeds on crops include ____________.
(a) reduced yields and quality
(b) increased resistance to pests
(c) improved soil fertility

6. Mechanical control of weeds involves ____________.
(a) using herbicides
(b) manual removal
(c) attracting natural predators

7. Biological control of weeds involves introducing ____________ to suppress weed growth.
(a) beneficial insects or animals
(b) synthetic chemicals
(c) genetically modified organisms

8. Integrated weed management combines ____________ approaches to control weeds effectively.
(a) multiple
(b) single
(c) chemical

9. Pests are organisms that ____________ and damage crops, livestock, or humans.
(a) benefit
(b) invade
(c) conserve

10. Pests can be classified as ____________ pests and ____________ pests.
(a) insect; mammal
(b) animal; plant
(c) vertebrate; invertebrate

11. The nature of damage caused by pests includes ____________.
(a) leaf discoloration
(b) increased crop yields
(c) improved plant growth

12. Pests can cause ____________ by transmitting diseases to plants.
(a) pest resistance
(b) nutrient deficiency
(c) infection

13. Chemical control of pests involves the use of ____________.
(a) biopesticides
(b) physical barriers
(c) synthetic pesticides

14. Cultural control of pests includes practices such as ____________.
(a) crop rotation
(b) removing weeds
(c) introducing predators

15. Biological control of pests involves using ____________ to control pest populations.
(a) pesticides
(b) chemical fertilizers
(c) natural enemies

16. Integrated pest management (IPM) is a holistic approach that combines ____________ methods.
(a) chemical and physical
(b) biological and mechanical
(c) synthetic and organic

17. Weeds are unwanted plants that ____________ in agricultural fields.
(a) provide beneficial services
(b) compete with crops
(c) improve soil fertility

18. Herbicides are chemicals used to ____________ weeds.
(a) control
(b) attract
(c) protect

19. Mulching is a weed control method that involves ____________.
(a) burying weeds underground
(b) covering the soil with a protective layer
(c) spraying herbicides on weed leaves

20. The presence of weeds in a field can ____________ crop growth.
(a) enhance
(b) hinder
(c) promote

21. Pests can damage crops by ____________.
(a) increasing nutrient uptake
(b) feeding on leaves and fruits
(c) improving pollination

22. Insect pests can be controlled using ____________.
(a) cultural practices
(b) artificial lighting
(c) synthetic hormones

23. ____________ is an example of a weed with medicinal uses.
(a) Dandelion
(b) Tomato
(c) Wheat

24. Crop rotation is a practice used to ____________ pests.
(a) attract
(b) deter
(c) transport

25. Biological control of pests relies on ____________.
(a) chemical sprays
(b) predator-prey relationships
(c) genetic modification

26. Integrated weed management involves combining ____________ to control weeds.
(a) only chemical methods
(b) only mechanical methods
(c) multiple control strategies

27. Pesticide drift occurs when pesticides ____________.
(a) are stored improperly
(b) contaminate water sources
(c) move away from target areas

28. Crop pests can cause ____________ by reducing yield and quality.
(a) economic losses
(b) increased biodiversity
(c) improved plant resistance

29. ____________ are used to control pests that infest stored grains.
(a) Rodenticides
(b) Fungicides
(c) Insecticides

30. The use of trap crops is a ____________ method for pest control.
(a) physical
(b) chemical
(c) biological

[mediator_tech]

Answers

1. (b) invasive
2. (a) sunlight and nutrients
3. (c) adaptation to diverse environments
4. (a) organic fertilizers
5. (a) reduced yields and quality
6. (b) manual removal
7. (a) beneficial insects or animals
8. (a) multiple
9. (b) invade
10. (c) vertebrate; (b) invertebrate
11. (a) leaf discoloration
12. (c) infection
13. (c) synthetic pesticides
14. (a) crop rotation
15. (c) natural enemies
16. (b) biological and mechanical
17. (b) compete with crops
18. (a) control
19. (b) covering the soil with a protective layer
20. (b) hinder
21. (b) feeding on leaves and fruits
22. (a) cultural practices
23. (a) Dandelion
24. (b) deter
25. (b) predator-prey relationships
26. (c) multiple control strategies
27. (c) move away from target areas
28. (a) economic losses
29. (c) Insecticides
30. (c) biological

Part B

Theory

1. Define weeds and explain why they are considered undesirable in agricultural fields.
2. Discuss three characteristics of weeds that contribute to their successful growth and spread.
3. Name two common uses of weeds in agricultural practices and explain how they can be beneficial.
4. Describe two negative effects that weeds can have on crop production and yield.
5. Explain the difference between mechanical and chemical control methods for managing weeds.
6. Discuss two biological control strategies that can be used to suppress weed growth.
7. Define pests and provide examples of pests that commonly affect agricultural crops.
8. Classify pests based on their feeding habits and provide an example for each category.
9. Describe the nature of damage caused by pests to crops and explain how it affects crop productivity.
10. Discuss the concept of integrated pest management (IPM) and explain why it is considered a sustainable approach for pest control.

Answers

1. Weeds are unwanted plants that grow where they are not desired in agricultural fields. They are considered undesirable because they compete with crops for resources such as sunlight, water, and nutrients, leading to reduced crop yields and quality.

2. Three characteristics of weeds are rapid growth, high seed production, and adaptability to diverse environments. Weeds often have the ability to grow quickly and spread rapidly, produce a large number of seeds, and possess adaptations that allow them to thrive in various soil and climate conditions.

3. Weeds can have various uses in agricultural practices. For example, some weeds can be used as organic fertilizers in composting and mulching. They can also provide cover or forage for livestock and wildlife, helping to enhance biodiversity in agricultural ecosystems.

4. Weeds can have negative effects on crop production and yield. They compete with crops for resources such as sunlight, water, and nutrients, leading to reduced yields. Weeds can also host pests and diseases, further damaging the crops and reducing their overall quality.

5. Mechanical control methods for managing weeds involve physical removal or uprooting of the weeds. This can be done manually using tools like hoes or by employing machinery such as weed trimmers. Chemical control methods involve the use of herbicides, which are chemical substances designed to kill or inhibit the growth of weeds.

6. Two biological control strategies for suppressing weed growth are the introduction of natural enemies and the use of allelopathic plants. Natural enemies such as insects or pathogens can be introduced to feed on or infect specific weed species. Allelopathic plants release chemicals that inhibit the growth of nearby weeds, providing a natural weed control mechanism.

7. Pests are organisms that cause damage or harm to agricultural crops, livestock, or humans. Examples of pests that commonly affect agricultural crops include insects (such as aphids, caterpillars, and beetles), rodents (such as rats and mice), and plant diseases caused by fungi, bacteria, or viruses.

8. Pests can be classified based on their feeding habits. Herbivorous pests feed on plant tissues, such as leaves, stems, or fruits (e.g., caterpillars). Sucking pests extract plant fluids (e.g., aphids). Biting and chewing pests consume plant tissues (e.g., beetles).

9. The nature of damage caused by pests to crops varies depending on the pest. They can cause direct damage by feeding on plant tissues, resulting in reduced photosynthesis, stunted growth, or deformation of plant parts. Pests can also transmit diseases to plants, leading to infections and reduced crop productivity.

10. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is a holistic approach that combines different pest control methods and strategies to manage pests effectively while minimizing the use of chemical pesticides. IPM emphasizes the integration of cultural, biological, and chemical control measures to maintain pest populations below economically damaging levels and promote long-term sustainability in agricultural systems.

[mediator_tech]