Decimals: Multiplication, Division and Changing Common Fractions with 10, 100, 1000 as Denominators to Decimals

SECOND TERM LESSON PLAN FOR PRIMARY 4 MATHEMATICS

Subject: Mathematics
Class: Basic Four / Primary 4
Term: Second Term
Week: 4
Age: 8–9 years
Topic: Decimals: Multiplication, Division, and Changing Common Fractions with 10, 100, 1000 as Denominators to Decimals
Sub-topic: Multiplying, Dividing, and Converting Fractions to Decimals
Duration: 60 minutes

Behavioural Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Multiply decimals by 1-digit numbers.
2. Divide decimals by 1-digit numbers.
3. Multiply decimals by 10, 100, and 1000.
4. Divide decimals by 10, 100, and 1000.
5. Convert common fractions with denominators of 10, 100, and 1000 into decimals.

Keywords

• Decimal
• Multiply
• Divide
• Fraction
• Denominator

Set Induction

The teacher shows the class a chart with examples of decimals and fractions. The teacher asks pupils questions like, “Have you ever seen numbers with a dot (.) in them?” and “Do you know how fractions and decimals are related?”

Entry Behaviour

Pupils have basic knowledge of fractions and whole numbers.

Learning Resources and Materials

• Chart showing decimal examples.
• Cardboards, markers, and scissors.
• Flashcards with decimals and fractions.
• Multiplication chart.

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge

The teacher reminds pupils of the previous lesson on fractions and basic operations (addition and subtraction) involving fractions and decimals.

Embedded Core Skills

• Critical thinking and problem-solving.
• Collaboration.
• Creativity and imagination.

Reference Materials

• Lagos State Scheme of Work.
• New General Mathematics for Primary Schools.
• Oxford Primary Mathematics.

Instructional Materials

• Flashcards.
• Charts.
• Whiteboard and marker.
• Worksheets for practice.

Content

Definition of Decimals

1. What are decimals? Decimals are numbers that show parts of a whole. They use a decimal point to separate the whole number from the fractional part.
   Example: 3.25 (3 is the whole number, and 25 is the fractional part).
2. Multiplication of Decimals by 1-Digit Numbers
   Steps:
   • Line up the numbers. Ignore the decimal point.
   • Multiply the numbers as whole numbers.
   • Count the total decimal places in the question and place the decimal in the answer.

   Example:
   2.5 × 3 = 7.5 (Explanation: Ignore the decimal. Multiply 25 × 3 = 75. Then place the decimal to get 7.5).

3. Division of Decimals by 1-Digit Numbers
   Steps:
   • Write the division problem as normal.
   • Divide as with whole numbers.
   • Place the decimal point directly above in the quotient.

   Example:
   5.6 ÷ 2 = 2.8 (Explanation: Divide 56 ÷ 2 = 28. Place the decimal point after the first digit).

4. Changing Common Fractions to Decimals (Denominators of 10, 100, and 1000)
   • Divide the numerator by the denominator.

   Examples:

   • 3/10 = 0.3 (Divide 3 ÷ 10).
   • 25/100 = 0.25 (Divide 25 ÷ 100).
   • 7/1000 = 0.007 (Divide 7 ÷ 1000).
5. Multiplying Decimals by 10, 100, and 1000
   • Move the decimal point to the right by 1, 2, or 3 places depending on the zeros.

   Example:

   • 0.35 × 10 = 3.5
   • 0.018 × 100 = 1.8
   • 0.5 × 1000 = 500
6. Dividing Decimals by 10, 100, and 1000
   • Move the decimal point to the left by 1, 2, or 3 places depending on the zeros.

   Example:

   • 2.5 ÷ 10 = 0.25
   • 0.0036 ÷ 1000 = 0.0000036

Evaluation

15 Fill-in-the-Blank Questions

1. 2.4 ÷ 0.6 = __ (a) 4 (b) 0.6 (c) 2.4 (d) 0.4
2. 3/10 = __ (a) 0.1 (b) 0.2 (c) 0.3 (d) 0.4
3. 0.03 × 200 = __ (a) 0.6 (b) 6 (c) 60 (d) 600
4. 2.5 × 3 = __ (a) 5 (b) 6 (c) 7.5 (d) 8.5
5. 0.008 × 100 = __ (a) 0.08 (b) 0.8 (c) 8 (d) 80
6. 5.6 ÷ 2 = __ (a) 2.6 (b) 2.8 (c) 3 (d) 3.5
7. 7.6 ÷ 4 = __ (a) 1.4 (b) 1.8 (c) 2.1 (d) 2.4
8. 0.06 × 10 = __ (a) 0.006 (b) 0.06 (c) 0.6 (d) 6
9. 25/100 = __ (a) 0.2 (b) 0.25 (c) 2.5 (d) 25
10. 0.03 × 100 = __ (a) 0.03 (b) 0.3 (c) 3 (d) 30
11. 4.8 ÷ 2 = __ (a) 2.2 (b) 2.4 (c) 2.6 (d) 2.8
12. 0.2 × 100 = __ (a) 20 (b) 2 (c) 0.002 (d) 0.02
13. 3.4 × 6 = __ (a) 20.4 (b) 21 (c) 21.4 (d) 22.4
14. 6.4 ÷ 8 = __ (a) 0.4 (b) 0.6 (c) 0.8 (d) 1.2
15. 9/1000 = __ (a) 0.009 (b) 0.09 (c) 0.9 (d) 9

15 Frequently Asked Questions

1. What are decimals? Decimals represent parts of a whole number using a decimal point.
2. How do you multiply decimals? Multiply as whole numbers, then adjust the decimal point.
3. How do you divide decimals? Divide like whole numbers, then adjust the decimal point.
4. What is 3/10 as a decimal? 0.3.
5. How do you change fractions to decimals? Divide the numerator by the denominator.
6. What is 0.25 × 10? 2.5.
7. What is 5.5 ÷ 5? 1.1.
8. What is 0.03 × 1000? 30.
9. How many decimal places are in 0.009? 3 decimal places.
10. What is the first step in multiplying decimals? Ignore the decimal and multiply as whole numbers.
11. How do you divide by 100? Move the decimal left by 2 places.
12. What is the result of 0.6 × 7? 4.2.
13. What is the decimal for 7/100? 0.07.
14. What is 2.5 ÷ 10? 0.25.
15. What is 0.07 × 10? 0.7.

Presentation Steps

1. Revise the previous topic: Fractions.
2. Introduce the new topic using examples and charts.
3. Allow pupils to contribute answers and clarify misconceptions.

Teacher’s Activities

• Explain steps for multiplying and dividing decimals.
• Guide pupils to convert fractions to decimals.
• Provide practice exercises.

Learners’ Activities

• Participate in solving examples on the board.
• Work in groups with flashcards.

complete practice questions in their notebooks.

Assessment

10 Short-Answer Questions

1. What is the decimal for 3/100?
2. Multiply 4.5 by 2.
3. Divide 7.2 by 3.
4. Convert 9/1000 to a decimal.
5. Multiply 0.08 by 100.
6. What is 6.3 ÷ 10?
7. Write 0.4 × 1000 as a whole number.
8. What is the result of 2.7 ÷ 9?
9. Convert 15/100 to a decimal.
10. Divide 0.06 by 2.

Conclusion

The teacher marks students’ work and provides feedback. The lesson is summarized by reviewing the key steps for multiplying, dividing, and converting decimals. Pupils are encouraged to practice further at home.

SEO Details

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• Meta Description: A simplified guide for Primary 4 pupils on decimals: Learn multiplication, division, and converting fractions into decimals effortlessly!

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