HomePrimary 4Social Studies Primary 4Why division of labour is necessary in Agricultural Industry

Why division of labour is necessary in Agricultural Industry

Lesson Plan: Why Division of Labour is Necessary in the Agricultural Industry

Subject: Social Studies
Class: Primary 4
Term: Second Term
Week: Week 10
Age: 8–9 years

Topic: Why Division of Labour is Necessary in the Agricultural Industry

Sub-topic: Benefits, Problems, and Solutions of Agricultural Labour

Duration: 40 minutes

Behavioural Objectives:

At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

  1. Identify why division of labour is necessary in the agricultural industry.
  2. List the problems of agricultural labour, such as inadequate training or lack of modern tools.
  3. Suggest solutions to the problems faced in the agricultural industry.

Keywords:

  • Division of labour
  • Agricultural industry
  • Labour problems
  • Solutions

Set Induction:

Begin the lesson by asking pupils how farmers work together to grow and harvest crops. Share an example of a farm where people perform different tasks, such as planting, watering, harvesting, and selling.

Entry Behaviour:

Pupils are familiar with the concept of division of labour and its applications in daily life.

Learning Resources and Materials:

  • Diagrams showing farm activities (e.g., planting, harvesting).
  • Pictures of modern farming tools and equipment.
  • Charts listing common agricultural tasks.

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge:

Ask pupils to recall what they learned about division of labour and its benefits. Relate this to how farmers share tasks to improve agricultural productivity.

Embedded Core Skills:

  • Critical thinking
  • Problem-solving
  • Communication

Reference Books:

  • Lagos State Scheme of Work for Social Studies
  • Approved Social Studies textbooks

Instructional Materials:

  • Whiteboard and markers
  • Flashcards with images of farm labourers and equipment
  • Charts showing common problems and solutions in agriculture

Content:

Why Division of Labour is Necessary in the Agricultural Industry

  1. Increased Productivity:
    • More tasks are completed in a shorter time when different people focus on specific jobs.
    • Example: One group plants crops while another group waters them.
  2. Efficient Use of Resources:
    • Resources such as land, water, and tools are better utilized when tasks are divided.
  3. Specialization:
    • Workers become skilled in specific agricultural tasks, such as planting or pest control, leading to better results.
  4. Cost Reduction:
    • Sharing labour reduces the cost of hiring too many workers.
  5. Improved Quality of Work:
    • Specialization ensures that each task is performed accurately and with care.

Problems of Agricultural Labour

  1. Lack of Modern Equipment:
    • Many farmers still use outdated tools, making work slow and tedious.
  2. Inadequate Training:
    • Some labourers lack the skills needed for modern farming techniques.
  3. Low Wages:
    • Workers are often underpaid, leading to low motivation.
  4. Rural-Urban Migration:
    • Many young people leave farms to seek jobs in cities, reducing the number of farm workers.
  5. Poor Working Conditions:
    • Lack of safety measures and long working hours make agricultural labour unattractive.

Solutions to the Problems of Agricultural Labour

  1. Provision of Modern Equipment:
    • Farmers should be provided with tools such as tractors and irrigation systems to ease their work.
  2. Training and Education:
    • Agricultural workers should be trained in modern farming methods and the use of new tools.
  3. Fair Wages:
    • Increasing wages will motivate workers to stay in the agricultural sector.
  4. Improved Infrastructure:
    • Building better roads and storage facilities will make farming easier and more profitable.
  5. Government Support:
    • Governments should provide loans, grants, and subsidies to help farmers improve their productivity.

Examples of Division of Labour in Agriculture:

  1. A farmer plants seeds while another worker waters them.
  2. One group sprays pesticides while another group harvests crops.
  3. In a poultry farm, some workers feed the chickens while others collect eggs.
  4. On a fish farm, one team cleans the ponds while another team feeds the fish.
  5. A forester plants trees while another person cuts down mature ones for timber.

Evaluation:

Part A: Multiple-Choice Questions

Instruction: Choose the correct answer.

  1. Division of labour in agriculture means:
    a) Everyone doing the same task.
    b) Sharing tasks among workers.
    c) Working without tools.
    d) Ignoring teamwork.
  2. One benefit of division of labour in farming is:
    a) Slow productivity.
    b) Improved quality of work.
    c) Wasting resources.
    d) Low wages.
  3. A problem faced by agricultural labourers is:
    a) Fair wages.
    b) Lack of training.
    c) Efficient use of resources.
    d) Teamwork.
  4. One solution to agricultural labour problems is:
    a) Providing modern tools.
    b) Reducing wages.
    c) Ignoring training.
    d) Urban migration.
  5. Rural-urban migration affects agriculture by:
    a) Increasing the number of farm workers.
    b) Reducing the number of farm workers.
    c) Improving farm conditions.
    d) Increasing wages.

Part B: Fill-in-the-Blank Questions

Instruction: Fill in the gaps with the correct answers.

  1. Division of labour improves __________ in agriculture.
  2. __________ is the process of raising fish for food.
  3. Low __________ discourages people from working in agriculture.
  4. Modern __________ makes farm work faster and easier.
  5. __________ provides financial support to farmers.

Part C: True or False

Instruction: Write “True” or “False” for the following statements.

  1. Division of labour reduces productivity.
  2. Rural-urban migration reduces the number of farm workers.
  3. Specialization improves the quality of agricultural work.
  4. Lack of training is a problem in the agricultural industry.
  5. Government support can help solve agricultural labour problems.

Class Activity Discussion:

FAQs to Guide Discussion

  1. What is division of labour?
    Answer: Sharing tasks among people to complete work faster.
  2. Why is division of labour important in agriculture?
    Answer: It increases productivity and improves quality.
  3. Name one problem of agricultural labour.
    Answer: Lack of modern tools.
  4. How can the government help farmers?
    Answer: By providing loans and modern equipment.
  5. What happens when young people leave farms for cities?
    Answer: The number of farm workers reduces.

Presentation:

  1. Introduction:
    The teacher revises the previous topic (Division of Labour).
  2. New Topic:
    The teacher explains why division of labour is necessary in agriculture, its problems, and solutions.
  3. Student Contribution:
    Pupils share examples of tasks shared in farms or other settings.
  4. Teacher’s Activities:
    • Show flashcards and charts.
    • Guide pupils to identify problems and solutions in agriculture.
  5. Learners’ Activities:
    • Participate in answering questions.
    • Match problems with solutions on the charts.

Conclusion:

The teacher summarizes the benefits of division of labour in agriculture and its challenges, providing feedback to clarify doubts.

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