SECOND TERM MID TERM TEST CIVIC EDUCATION JSS 1

CIVIC EDUCATION SECOND TERM EXAMINATION

Class: JSS 2
Duration: 1 Hour 30 Minutes
Instruction: Answer all the questions.

SECTION A: OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS (Choose the correct option for each question.)

1. The willingness to work hard and give your energy and time to a job or activity is called
   (A) spiritual
   (B) commitment
   (C) bravery
   (D) hard work

2. The rule of law is
   (A) supremacy of the law over every citizen in a country
   (B) human rights protection
   (C) supremacy of the law over the rich
   (D) securing lives and properties of the citizens

3. The road sign light that shows “red” means
   (A) go
   (B) get ready
   (C) stop
   (D) drive fast

4. The institution responsible for the prosecution of drug traffickers and drug abuse is
   (A) EFCC
   (B) ICPC
   (C) NECO
   (D) NDLEA

5. A courageous person is one who is
   (A) friendly
   (B) a fighter
   (C) brave
   (D) lazy

6. Who propounded the theory of the rule of law?
   (A) Obafemi Awolowo
   (B) Abraham Lincoln
   (C) Professor A.V Dicey
   (D) Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe

7. Which of the following is NOT an electoral malpractice?
   (A) Free and fair election
   (B) Election rigging
   (C) Thuggery
   (D) Bribery and corruption

8. The level of government closest to the people is
   (A) Federal government
   (B) State government
   (C) Local government
   (D) A and C

9. A political party’s program and policies are called
   (A) Manifesto
   (B) Campaign
   (C) Rally
   (D) Constitution

10. Which of these is NOT a principle of the rule of law?
    (A) Principle of impartiality
    (B) Principle of fair hearing
    (C) Principle of supremacy of the law
    (D) Principle of right to appeal

11. The rule of law can be strengthened through
    (A) Independence of the judiciary
    (B) High cost of litigation
    (C) Prolonged prosecution of offenders
    (D) Immunity clause in the constitution

12. A follower who obeys the law made by the leader for the good of society is showing the trait of
    (A) Diligence
    (B) Commitment
    (C) Loyalty
    (D) Obedience

13. Which of these is NOT a method of protecting human rights?
    (A) Media coverage
    (B) Protest march
    (C) Hunger strike
    (D) Street riots

14. What best indicates the true practice of the rule of law in a democracy?
    (A) Independence of the judiciary
    (B) Violation of human rights
    (C) Arbitrary arrest of opposition members
    (D) Lack of separation of power

15. The process of electing representatives of the people into government is called
    (A) Voter
    (B) Elect
    (C) Voting
    (D) Rule

16. How many geo-political zones are in Nigeria?
    (A) 2
    (B) 4
    (C) 6
    (D) 8

17. All these are basic principles of the rule of law except
    (A) Cultural rights
    (B) Supremacy of the law
    (C) Respect for human rights
    (D) Equality before the law

18. The body responsible for organizing and conducting elections in Nigeria is
    (A) Political parties
    (B) Independent Electoral Commission
    (C) Pressure group
    (D) Democratic institution

19. The right to vote and be voted for during elections is called
    (A) Franchise
    (B) Frandise
    (C) Franchice
    (D) Franquise

20. A leader who does the right things at the right time can be said to be
    (A) Disciplined
    (B) Dedicated
    (C) Devoted
    (D) Democratic

SECTION B: THEORY QUESTIONS (Answer all questions in this section.)

1. (a) Explain the areas of difference between federal, state, and local governments.
   (b) Briefly explain the following:

   • Exclusive list

   • Concurrent list

   • Residual list

2. (a) What is the meaning of law?
   (b) Define the concept of the rule of law.
   (c) List and explain five benefits of the rule of law as against arbitrary rule.

3. (a) What is democracy?
   (b) List five features of democracy.
   (c) State five importance of democracy.

4. (a) Explain the meaning of pillars of democracy.
   (b) Discuss four major pillars of democracy.

5. (a) What are consumer rights?
   (b) List five universal rights of a consumer.
   (c) State five responsibilities of a consumer.

MARKING SCHEME (Suggested Answers for Objective Questions)

CIVIC EDUCATION SECOND TERM EXAMINATION (JSS 2) – DETAILED EXPLANATIONS

SECTION A: OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS (Detailed Explanations)

1. The willingness to work hard and give your energy and time to a job or activity is called:

   • Correct answer: (B) Commitment
   • Explanation: Commitment refers to the dedication and willingness to invest time, effort, and resources into achieving a goal. It involves persistence, consistency, and a strong sense of responsibility toward an activity or duty.

2. The rule of law is:

   • Correct answer: (A) Supremacy of the law over every citizen in a country
   • Explanation: The rule of law ensures that no one is above the law, and all citizens, including government officials, must obey the law equally. It promotes fairness, justice, and accountability.

3. The road sign light that shows “red” means:

   • Correct answer: (C) Stop
   • Explanation: Traffic lights are used to regulate movement on the road. A red light signals vehicles to stop, yellow (amber) signals readiness to move, and green means “go.”

4. The institution responsible for the prosecution of drug traffickers and drug abuse is:

   • Correct answer: (D) NDLEA
   • Explanation: The National Drug Law Enforcement Agency (NDLEA) is responsible for preventing drug trafficking, arresting drug dealers, and rehabilitating drug addicts in Nigeria.

5. A courageous person is one who is:

   • Correct answer: (C) Brave
   • Explanation: Courage is the ability to face fears, dangers, or difficulties without being discouraged. A brave person shows determination in the face of challenges.

6. Who propounded the theory of the rule of law?

   • Correct answer: (C) Professor A.V Dicey
   • Explanation: Albert Venn Dicey, a British constitutional scholar, introduced the concept of the rule of law, emphasizing equality before the law, supremacy of the law, and the right to fair trials.

7. Which of the following is NOT an electoral malpractice?

   • Correct answer: (A) Free and fair election
   • Explanation: Electoral malpractice includes actions like rigging, vote-buying, and thuggery that interfere with the fairness of an election. A free and fair election follows proper procedures without manipulation.

8. The level of government closest to the people is:

   • Correct answer: (C) Local government
   • Explanation: The local government handles community-level governance, making it the closest to the people. It manages grassroots administration, such as waste disposal, primary education, and local security.

9. A political party’s program and policies are called:

   • Correct answer: (A) Manifesto
   • Explanation: A manifesto is a public declaration of a political party’s plans, policies, and goals, which they promise to implement if elected.

10. Which of these is NOT a principle of the rule of law?

• Correct answer: (D) Principle of right to appeal
• Explanation: The rule of law is based on supremacy of the law, equality before the law, and fair hearing. While the right to appeal is an aspect of justice, it is not a fundamental principle of the rule of law.

11. The rule of law can be strengthened through:

• Correct answer: (A) Independence of the judiciary
• Explanation: The judiciary must be free from political influence so that it can make fair and unbiased judgments.

12. A follower who obeys the law made by the leader for the good of society is showing the trait of:

• Correct answer: (D) Obedience
• Explanation: Obedience means complying with rules, laws, and authorities to maintain order and discipline in society.

13. Which of these is NOT a method of protecting human rights?

• Correct answer: (D) Street riots
• Explanation: Human rights can be protected through legal actions, media coverage, and peaceful protests. However, street riots lead to violence and are not a legitimate means of protection.

14. What best indicates the true practice of the rule of law in a democracy?

• Correct answer: (A) Independence of the judiciary
• Explanation: An independent judiciary ensures that the law is applied fairly to all, without bias or influence from powerful individuals or the government.

15. The process of electing representatives of the people into government is called:

• Correct answer: (C) Voting
• Explanation: Voting is the process where citizens choose leaders through an electoral system.

16. How many geo-political zones are in Nigeria?

• Correct answer: (C) 6
• Explanation: Nigeria has six geo-political zones: North Central, North East, North West, South East, South South, and South West.

17. All these are basic principles of the rule of law except:

• Correct answer: (A) Cultural rights
• Explanation: The rule of law focuses on legal principles, not cultural rights, which relate more to traditions and societal values.

18. The body responsible for organizing and conducting elections in Nigeria is:

• Correct answer: (B) Independent Electoral Commission (INEC)
• Explanation: INEC is the agency responsible for conducting elections, registering political parties, and ensuring free and fair elections in Nigeria.

19. The right to vote and be voted for during elections is called:

• Correct answer: (A) Franchise
• Explanation: Franchise is the right of citizens to participate in elections by voting and contesting for leadership positions.

20. A leader who does the right things at the right time can be said to be:

• Correct answer: (A) Disciplined
• Explanation: Discipline involves self-control, responsibility, and doing what is right, even in challenging situations.

SECTION B: THEORY QUESTIONS (Detailed Explanations)

1. Areas of Difference Between Federal, State, and Local Governments

• Federal Government: Controls national matters such as defense, foreign policy, and national currency.
• State Government: Handles state-level issues like education, health, and transportation.
• Local Government: Manages community-level governance like markets, roads, and primary healthcare.

2. Explanation of Exclusive, Concurrent, and Residual Lists

• Exclusive List: Matters only the federal government can legislate on, e.g., defense and foreign affairs.
• Concurrent List: Issues both federal and state governments can legislate on, e.g., education and health.
• Residual List: Matters only the state government controls, e.g., local markets and entertainment.

3. Meaning of Law and Rule of Law

• Law: A system of rules established by a society to maintain order and justice.
• Rule of Law: The principle that all citizens, including government leaders, are subject to the law.

4. Five Benefits of the Rule of Law

1. Ensures justice and fairness.
2. Protects human rights.
3. Prevents dictatorship.
4. Promotes economic stability.
5. Encourages accountability in governance.

5. Democracy and Its Features

• Democracy: A system of government where people elect their leaders.
• Features:
  1. Free and fair elections.
  2. Rule of law.
  3. Majority rule.
  4. Protection of human rights.
  5. Independent judiciary.

6. Meaning and Pillars of Democracy

• Pillars of Democracy: The core principles that support democratic governance.
• Four Major Pillars:
  1. Free and fair elections.
  2. Rule of law.
  3. Human rights.
  4. Separation of powers.

7. Consumer Rights and Responsibilities

• Consumer Rights: Protections for buyers in the marketplace.
• Five Universal Rights:
  1. Right to safety.
  2. Right to be informed.
  3. Right to choose.
  4. Right to redress.
  5. Right to consumer education.
• Responsibilities: Paying for goods, reporting fraud, demanding quality, etc.