Basic Technology JSS 1 Second Term Lesson Notes – Week 7

Board Practice II: Lettering and Numerals

Subject: Basic Technology

Class: JSS 1

Term: Second Term

Week: 7

Age: 10 – 12 years

Duration: 40 minutes

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Behavioral Objectives

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. Define lettering and numerals in technical drawing.
2. Identify different types of lettering used in technical drawing.
3. Demonstrate proper techniques for writing uppercase and lowercase letters.
4. Draw numerals neatly using drawing instruments.
5. Apply lettering and numerals correctly in technical drawings.

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Keywords

• Lettering – The process of writing letters and numbers in technical drawings.
• Numerals – Numbers used in technical drawings for measurements and labeling.
• Gothic Style – A type of uniform and readable lettering style.
• Vertical Lettering – Lettering style where characters stand upright.
• Inclined Lettering – Lettering style where characters slant at an angle.

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Set Induction (Entry Behavior)

• The teacher writes both neatly and poorly drawn letters and numbers on the board.
• The teacher asks students which writing is easier to read and why.

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Learning Resources and Materials

• Drawing board
• Drawing paper
• T-square and set squares
• Pencils (HB, 2H)
• Compass and dividers
• Ruler and protractor
• Eraser

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Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge

Students have learned how to set up a drawing sheet and use drawing instruments in board practice. Now, they will learn how to write letters and numbers neatly in their drawings.

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Embedded Core Skills

• Hand-eye Coordination – Ensuring neat and legible writing.
• Creativity – Applying different lettering styles in technical drawing.
• Critical Thinking – Maintaining correct spacing and alignment.

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Lesson Content

1. Meaning of Lettering and Numerals

• Lettering: The writing of letters in a neat, standard, and readable way for technical drawings.
• Numerals: The use of numbers to indicate measurements, dimensions, and references in technical drawings.

2. Importance of Lettering and Numerals in Technical Drawing

• Helps in labeling and describing drawings.
• Ensures clarity and readability.
• Maintains uniformity in technical drawings.
• Provides accurate measurements and dimensions.

3. Types of Lettering Styles in Technical Drawing

1. Gothic Lettering – Simple, bold, and easy to read.
2. Roman Lettering – Decorative and used in artistic drawings.
3. Italic Lettering – Slanted letters, used for emphasis.
4. Block Lettering – All capital letters with uniform thickness.

4. Types of Lettering Orientation

1. Vertical Lettering – Letters stand upright.
2. Inclined Lettering – Letters slant at an angle of about 75 degrees.

5. How to Write Technical Letters and Numbers

• Use a sharp HB pencil for clear lettering.
• Maintain equal spacing between letters and numbers.
• Use guidelines to align letters properly.
• Keep letters and numbers at the same height for uniformity.

6. Proper Spacing and Alignment in Lettering

• Use light guidelines before writing letters.
• Ensure equal spacing between letters and numbers.
• Maintain a uniform height for all characters.

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Evaluation (Fill in the Blanks with Multiple-Choice Options)

1. _______ is the process of writing letters in technical drawings.
   a) Lettering
   b) Shading
   c) Measuring
   d) Coloring
2. _______ is used to indicate dimensions in technical drawings.
   a) Eraser
   b) Numerals
   c) Colors
   d) Symbols
3. A drawing instrument used to ensure uniform letter height is a _______.
   a) Compass
   b) Divider
   c) T-square
   d) Protractor
4. The best type of pencil for lettering is _______.
   a) HB
   b) 6B
   c) 2B
   d) 8B
5. Letters that stand upright are called _______ lettering.
   a) Inclined
   b) Roman
   c) Gothic
   d) Vertical
6. The correct angle for inclined lettering is about _______ degrees.
   a) 30
   b) 45
   c) 60
   d) 75
7. _______ lettering is used for clear and bold writing in technical drawings.
   a) Block
   b) Italic
   c) Roman
   d) Gothic
8. Numerals are important in technical drawings for _______.
   a) Decoration
   b) Measurement and labeling
   c) Coloring
   d) Shading
9. The standard height for capital letters in technical drawings is usually _______ mm.
   a) 1
   b) 5
   c) 10
   d) 50
10. A set square is used for drawing _______.
    a) Circles
    b) Inclined lines
    c) Curves
    d) Shading

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Class Activity Discussion (FAQs and Answers)

1. What is lettering in technical drawing?
   • Lettering is the process of writing letters in a clear and readable way for technical drawings.
2. What are numerals used for in technical drawing?
   • Numerals are used for measurements and labeling.
3. What are the two orientations of lettering?
   • Vertical and inclined lettering.
4. Which type of pencil is best for lettering?
   • HB or 2H pencil.
5. Why is uniform spacing important in lettering?
   • To maintain readability and neatness.
6. How can we ensure uniform height in lettering?
   • By using guidelines.
7. What is the main use of block lettering?
   • It makes text bold and clear for better readability.
8. What is the standard angle for inclined lettering?
   • 75 degrees.
9. Which tool helps in drawing straight lines for letters?
   • T-square.
10. Why is neat lettering important in technical drawings?

• It helps in clear communication and prevents mistakes.

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Presentation Structure

1. Introduction: The teacher writes different types of lettering styles on the board.
2. Explanation: The teacher explains the importance of lettering and numerals.
3. Practical Activity: Students practice writing letters and numerals using guidelines.
4. Guided Practice: Students use drawing instruments to ensure proper alignment.
5. Correction & Feedback: The teacher reviews students’ work and provides corrections.

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Assessment (Short-Answer Questions)

1. Define lettering in technical drawing.
2. What are numerals used for in technical drawings?
3. List three types of lettering styles.
4. Differentiate between vertical and inclined lettering.
5. Why is it important to use guidelines in lettering?
6. Mention two tools used to draw straight lines in lettering.
7. What is the best type of pencil for lettering?
8. How do you ensure uniform spacing in lettering?
9. State one advantage of using block lettering.
10. What is the standard angle for inclined lettering?

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Conclusion

The teacher marks students’ work, provides feedback, and emphasizes the importance of neat lettering and numerals in technical drawings.

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Board Practice Techniques in Technical Drawing – Basic Technology JSS 1