HomeJSS 1Cultural and Creative ArtsPapier-Mâché: Meaning, Materials, Methods, and Uses for JSS 1

Papier-Mâché: Meaning, Materials, Methods, and Uses for JSS 1

Cultural and Creative Arts JSS 1 Second Term Lesson Notes – Week 4

Subject: Cultural and Creative Arts

Class: JSS 1

Term: Second Term

Week: 4

Age: 10 – 12 years

Topic: Modeling: Production of Models with Papier-Mâché

Sub-Topics:

(a) Meaning of Papier-Mâché
(b) Materials and Tools for Making Papier-Mâché
(c) Methods of Making Papier-Mâché
(d) Uses of Papier-Mâché

Duration: 40 minutes

Behavioural Objectives

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

  1. Define Papier-Mâché.
  2. List the materials and tools used in making Papier-Mâché.
  3. Describe the method of making Papier-Mâché.
  4. Explain the uses of Papier-Mâché.
  5. Create simple models using Papier-Mâché.

Keywords

  • Papier-Mâché
  • Modeling
  • Paste
  • Molding
  • Sculpture
  • Paper pulp

Set Induction

The teacher shows students different Papier-Mâché objects (e.g., masks, decorative bowls, sculptures) and asks if they know how these objects are made.

Entry Behaviour

Students have seen paper-based sculptures and decorations but may not know how they are made.

Learning Resources and Materials

  • Samples of Papier-Mâché crafts
  • Images or videos of the Papier-Mâché process
  • Old newspapers and cardboard
  • Glue, flour, water, and brushes

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge

Students have used paper to make simple arts and crafts in previous lessons.

Embedded Core Skills

  • Creativity
  • Critical Thinking
  • Observation
  • Fine Motor Skills
  • Collaboration

Learning Materials

  • Chalkboard and chalk
  • Displayed Papier-Mâché objects
  • Handouts with step-by-step images of the process

Reference Books

  • Lagos State Scheme of Work for JSS 1
  • Cultural and Creative Arts Textbook for JSS 1
  • Nigerian Traditional Arts and Crafts

Instructional Materials

  • Handouts with images of Papier-Mâché models
  • Tools and materials for Papier-Mâché

Lesson Content

1. Meaning of Papier-Mâché

Papier-Mâché is a technique of using paper mixed with glue or paste to create models, sculptures, and decorative items. The word “Papier-Mâché” means “chewed paper” in French, referring to the soft, moldable texture of wet paper pulp.

2. Materials and Tools for Making Papier-Mâché

To make Papier-Mâché, the following materials and tools are needed:

  1. Paper: Old newspapers, tissue paper, or cardboard.
  2. Adhesives: Glue, flour, or starch mixed with water to form a paste.
  3. Water: Used to soak and soften the paper.
  4. Balloons or Molds: Used as a base to shape objects.
  5. Brushes: For applying paste evenly.
  6. Bowls and Containers: For mixing the Papier-Mâché paste.
  7. Scissors: For cutting paper into smaller pieces.
  8. Paints and Varnish: For decorating and finishing the final model.

3. Method of Making Papier-Mâché

There are two main methods of making Papier-Mâché:

Method 1: Strip Layering Technique

  1. Tear Paper into Strips: Cut or tear old newspapers into small strips.
  2. Make Paste: Mix glue or flour with water to form a smooth paste.
  3. Dip Paper in Paste: Soak each paper strip in the paste.
  4. Apply Layers: Place the soaked strips on a mold (e.g., balloon, cardboard).
  5. Build Up Layers: Repeat the process, allowing each layer to dry before adding another.
  6. Smooth and Dry: Let the final layer dry completely.
  7. Paint and Decorate: Add colors and finishing touches to the model.

Method 2: Paper Pulp Technique

  1. Soak Paper: Tear paper into small pieces and soak it in water overnight.
  2. Blend into Pulp: Mash or blend the soaked paper into a smooth pulp.
  3. Mix with Paste: Combine the pulp with glue or flour paste.
  4. Mold into Shapes: Use hands or molds to shape the Papier-Mâché.
  5. Dry and Harden: Allow the model to dry completely before painting.

4. Uses of Papier-Mâché

Papier-Mâché is used for various purposes, including:

  1. Making Masks: Used for drama, festivals, and cultural performances.
  2. Creating Sculptures: Used for making lightweight statues.
  3. Crafting Decorative Items: Such as bowls, vases, and wall art.
  4. Producing Toys and Models: Used in making puppets and toys.
  5. Educational Projects: Used in schools for arts and crafts.
  6. Set Design in Theatre: Used for making props and decorations.
  7. Making Paper Molds: For making handmade paper and packaging.
  8. Costume Accessories: Used in making lightweight armor and headpieces.
  9. Recycling Waste Paper: Helps reduce paper waste through creative reuse.
  10. Festival Decorations: Used in parades and cultural celebrations.

Evaluation (Fill in the Blanks)

Choose the correct answer from options A – D.

  1. Papier-Mâché is made using _______.
    a) Plastic
    b) Paper and paste
    c) Wood
    d) Metal

  2. The word “Papier-Mâché” means _______.
    a) Torn fabric
    b) Chewed paper
    c) Shiny paint
    d) Soft metal

  3. The main adhesive used in Papier-Mâché is _______.
    a) Paint
    b) Glue or flour paste
    c) Oil
    d) Varnish

  4. Papier-Mâché is commonly used to make _______.
    a) Glass bowls
    b) Sculptures and masks
    c) Plastic containers
    d) Metal rods

  5. What is the first step in making Papier-Mâché?
    a) Painting
    b) Mixing flour
    c) Soaking or tearing paper
    d) Varnishing

  6. The two main methods of Papier-Mâché are _______.
    a) Strip Layering and Paper Pulp
    b) Folding and Welding
    c) Printing and Carving
    d) Knitting and Sewing

  7. A _______ is often used as a mold for shaping Papier-Mâché.
    a) Balloon
    b) Spoon
    c) Knife
    d) Hammer

  8. Papier-Mâché objects should be dried before _______.
    a) Painting and decorating
    b) Cutting into pieces
    c) Soaking in water
    d) Throwing away

  9. Why do we use varnish on Papier-Mâché?
    a) To make it soft
    b) To protect and shine the surface
    c) To dissolve it in water
    d) To make it heavy

  10. A key benefit of Papier-Mâché is that it _______.
    a) Uses a lot of money
    b) Recycles paper waste
    c) Increases plastic pollution
    d) Cannot be painted

Class Activity Discussion (10 FAQs with Answers)

  1. What is Papier-Mâché?

    • A modeling technique using paper and glue.

  2. What materials do we need for Papier-Mâché?

    • Paper, glue, water, molds, and paint.

  3. What are the two methods of making Papier-Mâché?

    • Strip layering and paper pulp techniques.

  4. How long does Papier-Mâché take to dry?

    • Usually 24–48 hours.

  5. Can we use newspaper for Papier-Mâché?

    • Yes, it is the best type of paper.

  6. Why do we use balloons in Papier-Mâché?

    • They help create round shapes.

  7. How can we protect Papier-Mâché crafts?

    • By applying varnish.

  8. What are some common uses of Papier-Mâché?

    • Making masks, toys, and sculptures.

  9. Why is Papier-Mâché environmentally friendly?

    • It recycles waste paper.

  10. Can we color Papier-Mâché models?

  • Yes, using paint or dye.

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Presentation Steps

  1. The teacher revises the previous topic:

    • The teacher asks students to recall what they learned about Tie and Dye.
    • Students discuss the different designs and materials used in Tie and Dye.

  2. The teacher introduces the new topic as follows:

    • The teacher explains the meaning of Papier-Mâché.
    • The teacher shows examples of Papier-Mâché crafts.
    • The teacher discusses the materials, tools, and steps for making Papier-Mâché.

  3. The teacher allows pupils to contribute, correcting them where necessary:

    • The teacher asks students to list materials they think can be used for Papier-Mâché.
    • Students give examples of objects that can be made with Papier-Mâché.
    • The teacher corrects any misconceptions and guides the discussion.

Teacher’s Activities

  1. Explains the meaning of Papier-Mâché.
  2. Displays different Papier-Mâché crafts.
  3. Demonstrates the process of making Papier-Mâché.
  4. Guides students in identifying materials needed.
  5. Supervises students as they create simple models using Papier-Mâché.
  6. Asks students questions to check their understanding.
  7. Provides feedback and corrections.

Learners’ Activities

  1. Listen attentively to the teacher’s explanation.
  2. Observe the teacher’s demonstration.
  3. Identify and list materials used in Papier-Mâché.
  4. Participate in a hands-on activity by creating their own Papier-Mâché models.
  5. Answer questions related to the topic.
  6. Ask questions where necessary.
  7. Work in groups to complete a simple Papier-Mâché project.

Evaluation Questions (Short Answer Questions)

  1. What is Papier-Mâché?
  2. List four materials used in making Papier-Mâché.
  3. Name two methods of making Papier-Mâché.
  4. What is the function of glue in Papier-Mâché?
  5. Mention three objects that can be made using Papier-Mâché.
  6. Why is it important to let Papier-Mâché dry completely before painting?
  7. What is the role of varnish in Papier-Mâché?
  8. What type of paper is best for making Papier-Mâché?
  9. How does Papier-Mâché help in recycling waste materials?
  10. List two places where Papier-Mâché crafts can be used.

Conclusion

  • The teacher goes around to check students’ work.
  • The teacher provides feedback, correcting mistakes where necessary.
  • The teacher summarizes the key points of the lesson.
  • Students clean up their workstations.
  • The teacher encourages students to try making more Papier-Mâché crafts at home.

Craft and Papier-Mâché in Visual Art JSS 1

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