Basic Science JSS 1 Second Term Lesson Notes – Week 9

Subject: Basic Science

Class: JSS 1

Term: Second Term

Week: 9

Topic: Family Health (III) – Drug and Drug Abuse

Sub-topic: Importance of Drugs, Drug Abuse, Drug Misuse, and Drug Addiction

Duration: 40 Minutes

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Behavioral Objectives

By the end of this lesson, students should be able to:

1. Define drugs and state their importance.
2. Explain drug abuse and its effects.
3. Differentiate between drug misuse and drug addiction.
4. Identify the causes of drug abuse.
5. List the side effects of drug abuse.
6. Mention common sources of drugs.

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Keywords

• Drug – A chemical substance that affects the body’s functions.
• Drug Abuse – Using drugs without a doctor’s advice or in excessive amounts.
• Drug Misuse – Using drugs incorrectly or for the wrong purpose.
• Drug Addiction – Physical or psychological dependence on a drug.
• Substance Abuse – Improper use of legal or illegal substances.

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Set Induction

The teacher will start by asking students if they have ever taken medicine when they were sick. The teacher will then ask, “What happens if someone takes medicine without needing it?” This will introduce the topic of drug and drug abuse.

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Entry Behavior

Students have basic knowledge about medicines and common drugs from personal experience.

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Learning Resources and Materials

• Picture charts showing different types of drugs.
• Empty medicine packets and labels.
• Flashcards with definitions of drug-related terms.

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Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge

The teacher will remind students of the previous lesson on nutrition and balanced diet, emphasizing that while good food keeps the body healthy, drugs are sometimes needed to help fight diseases.

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Embedded Core Skills

• Critical Thinking: Identifying harmful drug habits.
• Communication: Discussing drug-related issues.
• Personal Development: Understanding the dangers of drug abuse.

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Instructional Materials

1. Charts displaying legal and illegal drugs.
2. Drug labels and prescription containers.
3. Newspaper articles on drug abuse cases.

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Content Breakdown

1. Definition of Drug

A drug is a chemical substance that affects the action of the body. Drugs can be used to treat illnesses, relieve pain, and maintain health.

2. Importance of Drugs

Drugs are beneficial when used properly. They:

1. Save lives.
2. Relieve pain.
3. Reduce suffering.
4. Help fight against diseases.
5. Promote good health.

3. Drug Abuse

Definition: Drug abuse is the act of using drugs without a doctor’s advice or prescription.

Examples of Drug Abuse:

• Taking sleeping pills without medical need.
• Using hard drugs like cocaine and marijuana.
• Taking too much of a prescribed medicine.

4. Drug Misuse

Definition: Drug misuse refers to using a drug for a purpose other than what it was intended for or using it excessively.

Examples of Drug Misuse:

• Using antibiotics for headaches.
• Taking expired drugs.
• Drinking cough syrup for pleasure instead of treatment.

5. Drug Addiction

Definition: Drug addiction is a condition where a person becomes physically or mentally dependent on a drug for survival.

Signs of Drug Addiction:

• Constant need for a drug.
• Inability to stop using a drug.
• Withdrawal symptoms when the drug is not taken.

6. Causes of Drug Abuse

People abuse drugs for different reasons, including:

1. Curiosity – Wanting to experience how a drug feels.
2. Lack of Self-Confidence – Using drugs to feel bold.
3. Peer Pressure – Influence from friends.
4. Excitement – Seeking pleasure or fun.
5. Frustration and Stress – Using drugs to escape problems.

7. Side Effects of Drug Abuse

Drug abuse has serious consequences, including:

1. Bad behavior – Involvement in crime, violence, and murder.
2. Organ damage – Permanent harm to body organs.
3. Mental damage – Loss of reasoning ability.
4. Liver and kidney problems – Long-term damage to internal organs.

8. Sources of Drugs

Drugs come from different sources, including:

• Alcohol – Found in beer and spirits.
• Tobacco/Cigarettes – Contains harmful nicotine.
• Cocaine – A highly addictive and illegal drug.
• Marijuana (Indian Hemp) – A plant-based drug with harmful effects.

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Evaluation Questions

Classwork

1. What is a drug?
2. State two uses of drugs.
3. Define drug abuse and state two effects of drug abuse.

Assignment

Section A (Multiple Choice Questions)

1. The following are sources of drugs except:
   a) Cocaine
   b) Tobacco
   c) Gum
   d) Marijuana
2. Which of these is NOT an importance of drugs?
   a) It saves life
   b) It induces suffering
   c) It relieves pain
   d) It helps to fight against diseases
3. Drug addiction is caused by which of these?
   a) Self-control
   b) Curiosity
   c) Effect of good company
   d) Control of emotion
4. The following are side effects of drug addiction except:
   a) It leads to committing crime
   b) It can affect some organs of the body
   c) It can cause mental disorder
   d) It can increase proper reasoning
5. A chemical substance that affects the action of the body is called:
   a) Food
   b) Diet
   c) Drug
   d) Natural resources

Section B (Short Answer Questions)

1. Differentiate between drug abuse and drug misuse.
2. State three causes of drug abuse.
3. Define drug addiction.
4. List two sources of drugs.

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Presentation Steps

Step 1: Introduction

• The teacher defines a drug and explains its importance in healthcare.

Step 2: Explanation

• The teacher differentiates between drug misuse, drug abuse, and drug addiction.

Step 3: Demonstration

• The teacher shows pictures of harmful drugs and discusses their effects.

Step 4: Class Discussion

• The teacher asks students if they have heard of cases of drug abuse and its effects.

Step 5: Summary and Assessment

• The teacher summarizes the key points and assesses students’ understanding through classwork and discussion.

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Assessment (10 Short Answer Questions)

1. Define a drug.
2. State two importance of drugs.
3. What is drug abuse?
4. Mention two causes of drug abuse.
5. Define drug addiction.
6. What is the difference between drug misuse and drug abuse?
7. Mention two side effects of drug abuse.
8. List two examples of harmful drugs.
9. How does peer pressure contribute to drug abuse?
10. What are the dangers of drug addiction?

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Conclusion

The teacher will review the lesson and encourage students to avoid drug abuse. Students will be advised to always seek medical guidance before taking any drug.

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