Ways of Caring for the Mouth, Teeth, and Tongue; Causes of Tooth Decay; Prevention of Tooth Decay Home Economics Primary 1 First Term Lesson Notes Week 11

Lesson Plan for Primary 1 – First Term

Subject: Home Economics

Class: Primary 1

Term: First Term

Week: 11

Age: 6 years

Topic: The Human Body

Sub-topic: Ways of Caring for the Mouth, Teeth, and Tongue; Causes of Tooth Decay; Prevention of Tooth Decay

Duration: 40 minutes

Behavioural Objectives:

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Describe ways to care for their mouth, teeth, and tongue.
2. Identify causes of tooth decay.
3. Explain methods to prevent tooth decay.

Key Words:

• Mouth
• Teeth
• Tongue
• Brushing
• Flossing
• Sugar
• Bacteria
• Decay

Set Induction:

Show pupils a picture of a healthy smile and a picture of a decayed tooth. Ask them to describe what they see and how they think each happened.

Entry Behaviour:

Pupils have learned about cleaning their mouth, teeth, and tongue in previous lessons.

Learning Resources and Materials:

• Pictures of healthy and decayed teeth
• Toothbrush and toothpaste
• Floss
• Flashcards with key words
• Lagos State Scheme of Work

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge:

Discuss with pupils what they already know about keeping their teeth clean and healthy.

Embedded Core Skills:

• Observation
• Description
• Problem-solving
• Critical thinking

Instructional Materials:

• Pictures
• Toothbrush and toothpaste
• Floss
• Flashcards

Content:

1. Ways of Caring for the Mouth, Teeth, and Tongue:

• Brushing: Brush teeth twice a day (morning and night).
• Flossing: Clean between teeth with floss once a day.
• Healthy Diet: Eat less sugar and more fruits and vegetables.
• Regular Dental Visits: Visit the dentist for check-ups.

2. Causes of Tooth Decay:

• Sugar: Eating too many sweets and sugary drinks.
• Bacteria: Germs in the mouth that feed on sugar.
• Not Brushing: Not cleaning teeth properly.

3. Prevention of Tooth Decay:

• Brushing: Brush teeth after meals.
• Flossing: Clean between teeth daily.
• Healthy Eating: Eat less candy and drink less soda.
• Dental Visits: See the dentist twice a year.

Presentation:

Step 1:

Teacher Activity: Revises the previous lesson on cleaning the mouth, teeth, and tongue. Learners Activity: Pupils answer questions about why it is important to keep their mouth, teeth, and tongue clean.

Step 2:

Teacher Activity: Introduces the new topic by showing pictures of healthy and decayed teeth. Discusses the differences and asks pupils what they notice. Learners Activity: Pupils describe what they see and what they think happened to the teeth.

Step 3:

Teacher Activity: Explains ways to care for the mouth, teeth, and tongue using flashcards and examples. Discusses causes of tooth decay. Learners Activity: Pupils discuss how they can keep their teeth healthy and prevent tooth decay.

Teacher’s Activities:

• Shows pictures of healthy and decayed teeth.
• Uses flashcards to explain ways to care for the mouth, teeth, and tongue.
• Discusses causes of tooth decay with examples.
• Encourages pupils to share their thoughts and ideas.

Learners Activities:

• Participate in discussion about caring for their mouth, teeth, and tongue.
• Answer questions on causes of tooth decay.
• Discuss ways to prevent tooth decay.

Assessment:

Teacher: Gives 10 fill-in-the-blank questions.

Fill-in-the-Blank Questions:

1. We should brush our teeth ___ a day. (a) Once (b) Twice (c) Thrice (d) Never
2. Flossing helps to clean ___ teeth. (a) Dirty (b) White (c) Between (d) None
3. Eating too much ___ can cause tooth decay. (a) Water (b) Sugar (c) Vegetables (d) Fruits
4. Bacteria in the mouth feed on ___. (a) Sweets (b) Vegetables (c) Fruits (d) Water
5. Tooth decay happens when we don’t ___ our teeth. (a) Brush (b) Eat (c) Sleep (d) Talk
6. We should visit the dentist for check-ups ___. (a) Monthly (b) Twice a year (c) Weekly (d) Never
7. Drinking too much ___ can harm our teeth. (a) Juice (b) Milk (c) Water (d) Coffee
8. Brushing and ___ help prevent tooth decay. (a) Flossing (b) Combing (c) Playing (d) Reading
9. We should eat less ___ and more fruits and vegetables. (a) Sugar (b) Salt (c) Water (d) Candy
10. Tooth decay makes teeth ___. (a) Stronger (b) Weaker (c) Clean (d) Yellow

Class Activity Discussion

1. Q: How often should we brush our teeth? A: Twice a day, morning and night.
2. Q: What is flossing? A: Cleaning between teeth with dental floss.
3. Q: Why should we eat less sugar? A: Because sugar can cause tooth decay.
4. Q: What happens if we don’t brush our teeth? A: We can get cavities and tooth decay.
5. Q: How does bacteria cause tooth decay? A: Bacteria in the mouth feed on sugar and produce acids that harm teeth.
6. Q: Why should we visit the dentist regularly? A: To check for cavities and keep our teeth healthy.
7. Q: What drinks can harm our teeth? A: Soda and juice, because they have sugar.
8. Q: What are two ways to prevent tooth decay? A: Brushing teeth and eating healthy foods.
9. Q: Why is it important to floss? A: To clean between teeth where a toothbrush can’t reach.
10. Q: What color do teeth become when they have tooth decay? A: They may become yellow or brown.

Conclusion:

The teacher goes round to mark pupils’ work and provides feedback, ensuring they understand how to care for their mouth, teeth, and tongue, and how to prevent tooth decay.

Evaluation Questions:

1. How often should we brush our teeth?
2. What is one cause of tooth decay?
3. How does flossing help our teeth?
4. Why should we eat less sugar?
5. What does bacteria in the mouth feed on?
6. Why is it important to visit the dentist?
7. Name one way to prevent tooth decay.
8. What should we use to clean between our teeth?
9. How does tooth decay affect our teeth?
10. What happens if we don’t brush our teeth regularly?

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