Meaning, Problems, and Ethnic Groups in Nigeria Civic Education Primary 4 Third Term Lesson Notes Week 2
Discovering Ethnicity: Exploring Cultures in Nigeria
Civic Education Lesson Plan for Primary 4
Subject: Civic Education
Class: Primary 4
Term: Third Term
Week: 2
Topic: Ethnicity
Sub-topic: Meaning, Problems, and Ethnic Groups in Nigeria
Duration: 40 minutes
Behavioural Objectives
By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
- Explain the meaning of ethnicity.
- Identify problems of ethnicity in Nigeria.
- Name different ethnic groups in Nigeria.
Key Words
- Ethnicity
- Culture
- Conflict
- Discrimination
- Unity
Entry Behaviour
Pupils are familiar with basic ideas about their own cultural backgrounds and traditions.
Learning Resources and Materials
- Pictures showing different ethnic groups in Nigeria
- Flashcards with key words
- Chart with definitions and examples
Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge
Ask pupils to recall their own family traditions and festivals they celebrate.
Embedded Core Skills
- Critical thinking
- Communication
- Social skills
Learning Materials
- Lagos State Scheme of Work
- Civic Education textbook for Primary 4
Instructional Materials
- Flashcards
- Pictures
- Chart paper and markers
Content
Ethnicity
Meaning of Ethnicity:
- Ethnicity is about people who share the same culture, language, and traditions.
- It is a way to identify groups of people who have common backgrounds.
- Ethnicity can include things like food, clothing, music, and festivals.
Example:
- The Yoruba people in Nigeria speak Yoruba and celebrate traditional festivals like Egungun.
Problems of Ethnicity in Nigeria:
- Conflict: Sometimes ethnic groups fight over land or resources.
- Example: Clashes between farmers and herders.
- Discrimination: People may treat others unfairly because they belong to a different ethnic group.
- Example: Not giving jobs to someone because of their ethnicity.
- Division: Ethnicity can make people focus more on their group than on the country.
- Example: People supporting only leaders from their ethnic group.
- Inequality: Some ethnic groups may not have the same opportunities as others.
- Example: Less access to education or healthcare in some areas.
Different Ethnic Groups in Nigeria:
- Yoruba: Mostly in the Southwest.
- Language: Yoruba
- Example: Celebrating the Ogun festival.
- Hausa: Mostly in the North.
- Language: Hausa
- Example: Wearing traditional attire like the Babban Riga.
- Igbo: Mostly in the Southeast.
- Language: Igbo
- Example: Celebrating the New Yam festival.
- Fulani: Spread across the country.
- Language: Fulfulde
- Example: Famous for cattle herding.
- Ijaw: Mostly in the Niger Delta.
- Language: Ijaw
- Example: Celebrating the Ijaw festivals with dance and music.
- Kanuri: Mostly in the Northeast.
- Language: Kanuri
- Example: Known for their rich history and traditional customs.
Remember:
- Ethnicity is about our culture and traditions.
- We should respect all ethnic groups.
- Working together makes Nigeria stronger.
Evaluation Questions
- Ethnicity is about people who share the same ______. a) Money b) Culture c) Games d) Cars
- Ethnicity includes things like food, clothing, ______, and festivals. a) Music b) Animals c) Sports d) Plants
- An example of an ethnic group in Nigeria is the ______. a) Americans b) Yoruba c) Indians d) Chinese
- Ethnic groups may fight over ______ or resources. a) Schools b) Land c) Clothes d) Books
- Treating someone unfairly because of their ethnicity is called ______. a) Discrimination b) Celebration c) Education d) Recreation
- Focusing more on one’s ethnic group than on the country can cause ______. a) Unity b) Division c) Joy d) Growth
- Some ethnic groups may not have the same ______ as others. a) Toys b) Opportunities c) Friends d) Games
- The Hausa people are mostly found in the ______ of Nigeria. a) South b) East c) North d) West
- The Igbo people celebrate the ______ festival. a) Christmas b) New Yam c) Eid d) Easter
- The Yoruba people are known for speaking the ______ language. a) Hausa b) Igbo c) Yoruba d) Fulfulde
- The Fulani people are famous for ______. a) Farming b) Fishing c) Teaching d) Cattle herding
- The Ijaw people are mostly found in the ______ Delta. a) Niger b) Amazon c) Nile d) Mississippi
- Ethnicity can include traditions and ______. a) Cars b) Customs c) Toys d) Houses
- The Kanuri people are known for their rich ______ and traditional customs. a) History b) Food c) Music d) Clothing
- Working together despite ethnic differences makes Nigeria ______. a) Weaker b) Smaller c) Stronger d) Poorer
Presentation
Step 1: Revising the Previous Topic (5 minutes)
- Teacher revises the previous topic: “National Values”.
- Ask pupils to share one national value they remember.
- Revision of Second term’s work / Students Readiness Assessment Civic Education Primary 4 Third Term Lesson Notes Week 1
Step 2: Introducing the New Topic (5 minutes)
- Teacher writes “Ethnicity” on the board.
- Explain that ethnicity is about people who share the same culture, language, and traditions.
Step 3: Exploring the New Topic (20 minutes)
Teacher’s Activities:
- Explain the Meaning of Ethnicity:
- Ethnicity is the shared culture, language, and traditions of a group of people.
- Analyze the Problems of Ethnicity in Nigeria:
- Conflict: Ethnic groups fighting over land or resources.
- Discrimination: Treating people unfairly because of their ethnic background.
- Division: People focusing more on their ethnic group than the country.
- Inequality: Some ethnic groups not having the same opportunities as others.
- Mention Different Ethnic Groups in Nigeria:
- Yoruba: Mostly in the Southwest.
- Hausa: Mostly in the North.
- Igbo: Mostly in the Southeast.
- Fulani: Spread across the country.
- Ijaw: Mostly in the Niger Delta.
- Kanuri: Mostly in the Northeast.
Learners’ Activities:
- Pupils will listen and take notes.
- Pupils will observe pictures and flashcards.
- Pupils will participate in discussions.
Step 4: Pupils’ Contributions and Corrections (10 minutes)
- Teacher asks pupils to share examples of ethnic groups they know.
- Teacher corrects and guides pupils’ answers.
Teacher’s Activities
- Encourage pupils to ask questions.
- Provide examples and explanations.
- Use flashcards and pictures for better understanding.
Learners’ Activities
- Answer questions.
- Share examples and ideas.
- Participate in discussions.
Assessment
- Teacher gives pupils short exercises to complete in their notebooks.
Meaning of Ethnicity
- Q: What is ethnicity? A: Ethnicity is about people who share the same culture, language, and traditions.
- Q: What does ethnicity include? A: Ethnicity includes food, clothing, music, and festivals.
- Q: Why is ethnicity important? A: It helps people identify with their group and feel a sense of belonging.
Problems of Ethnicity in Nigeria
- Q: What problems can ethnicity cause in Nigeria? A: It can cause conflict, discrimination, division, and inequality.
- Q: How can ethnicity cause conflict? A: Ethnic groups may fight over land or resources.
- Q: What is discrimination based on ethnicity? A: Treating people unfairly because of their ethnic background.
- Q: How does ethnicity lead to division? A: People may focus more on their ethnic group than the whole country.
- Q: What is an example of inequality due to ethnicity? A: Some ethnic groups may not have the same access to education or healthcare.
Different Ethnic Groups in Nigeria
- Q: What are some major ethnic groups in Nigeria? A: Yoruba, Hausa, Igbo, Fulani, Ijaw, and Kanuri.
- Q: Where are the Yoruba people mostly found? A: In the Southwest of Nigeria.
- Q: What language do the Hausa people speak? A: Hausa.
- Q: What festival do the Igbo people celebrate? A: The New Yam festival.
- Q: What are the Fulani people known for? A: Cattle herding.
- Q: Where do the Ijaw people live? A: In the Niger Delta region.
- Q: What is unique about the Kanuri people? A: They have a rich history and traditional customs.
Summary
- Q: How can we solve the problems caused by ethnicity? A: By respecting and understanding each other’s cultures and working together as one nation.
- Q: What should we do to promote unity in Nigeria? A: Encourage friendships and cooperation among different ethnic groups.
- Q: Why should we learn about different ethnic groups? A: To appreciate our diverse cultures and promote peace.
- Q: How does working together help Nigeria? A: It makes the country stronger and more united.
- Q: What is one thing you can do to respect other ethnic groups? A: Learn and celebrate their traditions and customs.
Evaluation Questions
- What is ethnicity?
- Name one problem of ethnicity in Nigeria.
- Give an example of an ethnic group in Nigeria.
- How can ethnicity cause conflict?
- What does discrimination mean?
- Why is division a problem in ethnicity?
- Name one ethnic group in the Southwest of Nigeria.
- Which ethnic group is mostly found in the North?
- How do the Igbo people celebrate their culture?
- What are the Fulani people known for?
Conclusion
- Teacher goes around the class to mark pupils’ work and provide feedback.
- Summarize the lesson by revisiting key points.
- Encourage pupils to respect and learn about other ethnic groups to promote unity.