National Teachers’ Institute. Kaduna (Post Graduate Diploma in Education) First Semester Examinations Time: 2 hours
National Teachers’ Institute. Kaduna (Post Graduate Diploma in Education) First Semester Examinations Time: 2 hours
2015
Nigeria’s Education Development: Contributions & Implications
PDE 701: History of Education
Instruction: Answer Four (4) questions in all
(a) Briefly discuss the development of the 1969 Curriculum Conference.
(b) In any four (4) ways, explain the significance of the 1969 curriculum conference to curriculum development in Nigeria.
(a) Discuss the development of teacher education in Nigeria. (b) List and discuss any four (4) contributions of colonial government to education
in Nigeria
(a) Examine the recommendations of Ashby Commission report (b) Discuss the implications of the report to the development of higher education in
Nigeria
The sophists’ ideas in the early Greek periods marked the great turning point in the Athenian Education. Carefully examine the statement in the context of any five (5) contributions of the Sophists to Athenian education.
Describe the Jewish education system and suggest its relevance or otherwise to
Nigeria’s system of education.
Examine any three (3) contributions of Athenian and two (2) Spartans’s system of education to the development of Nigeria’s system of education.
Answers
(a) Briefly discuss the development of the 1969 Curriculum Conference.
The 1969 curriculum conference was held in Lagos. The conference was held in other to represent a cross-section of the Nigeria society. Hence is was not a conference for experts and professionals rather is was attended by people from all works of life including trade unions, farmers, religious organizations, university lecturers and administrators, businessmen and women, youth clubs, and ministry
officials. Secondly, The curriculum conference was not concerned with preparing a national
curriculum, nor was it expected to recommend specific contents and methodology. It was to review the old and identify new national goals for Nigerian education, bearing in mind the needs of youths and adults in the task of nation building and
national reconstruction.
(b) In any four (4) ways, explain the significance of the 1969 curriculum conference to curriculum development in Nigeria.
The major significance of the 1969 Curriculum Conference to curriculum development in Nigeria are;
A. The conference culminated in the articulation of the current national policy on education, education, which spelt the objectives and the direction that education should follow.
B. It overhauled the 7-5-2-3 system of education to the much the popularized 6-3-3- 4 system of education in Nigeria.
C.This new system reduced the number of schooling years from seventeen to sixteen and expanded the scope of studies of each level of education in the country.
Modern Education In Nigeria Compared With Spartan Ancient Education
D. The conference promoted a more inclusive and participatory approach to curriculum development by involving various stakeholders from different sectors of society.
(a) Discuss the development of teacher education in Nigeria.
The development of teacher education in Nigeria has undergone several phases. Initially, teacher education was informal, with traditional methods of passing knowledge from elders to the younger generation. Later, during the colonial era, formal teacher training institutions were established to train teachers for missionary schools. Subsequently, after Nigeria gained independence, teacher education institutions were expanded, and the government took a more active role in training teachers.
(b) List and discuss any four (4) contributions of colonial government to education in Nigeria.
1. Establishment of formal education: The colonial government established formal schools and educational institutions in Nigeria, providing access to education for many Nigerians who previously had limited opportunities for learning.
2. Introduction of the Western curriculum: The colonial government introduced the Western curriculum, which included subjects like English, Mathematics, and Science. This curriculum laid the foundation for modern education in Nigeria.
3. Training of teachers: The colonial government set up teacher training colleges to train local teachers who would work in the newly established schools. This initiative helped in improving the quality of education and building a pool of trained educators.
4. Promotion of English language: The colonial government promoted the use of the English language in education and administration. This decision eventually made English the lingua franca of Nigeria and contributed to national integration.
(a) Examine the recommendations of Ashby Commission report (b) Discuss the implications of the report on the development of higher education in Nigeria.
The Ashby Commission, also known as the Nigerian National Universities Commission (NNUC), was established in 1959 to review the state of higher education in Nigeria. Some of its key recommendations included:
– Increase in funding for higher education institutions
– Establishment of new universities to cater to the growing demand for higher education
– Expansion of facilities and resources in existing universities
– Improvement of academic standards and faculty qualifications
The implications of the Ashby Commission report on the development of higher education in Nigeria were significant. It led to the establishment of several new universities, which increased access to higher education for many Nigerians. The increased funding and focus on improving academic standards also contributed to the growth and improvement of higher education institutions in the country.
The report’s emphasis on faculty qualifications and resources helped enhance the quality of education and research in Nigerian universities. However, challenges related to funding, infrastructure, and faculty development still needed to be addressed to fully implement the recommendations and achieve the desired outcomes in higher education.
The Sophists’ ideas in the early Greek periods marked a turning point in Athenian Education. Some contributions of the Sophists to Athenian education include:
1. Rhetoric and Oratory: The Sophists emphasized the art of persuasive speaking and public speaking skills, which were essential in Athenian politics and law.
2. Human-centered education: They shifted the focus of education from abstract philosophical concepts to the practical and useful knowledge needed for personal and political success.
3. Relativism: The Sophists questioned absolute truths and advocated for critical thinking, encouraging students to question assumptions and beliefs.
4. Individualism: They emphasized the importance of individual development and personal excellence, contributing to the growth of individuality in Athenian society.
5. Professional education: The Sophists offered paid instruction in various subjects, making education accessible to those who could afford it, irrespective of social status.
The Jewish education system in ancient times focused on religious instruction and moral values. It included the study of scriptures, religious laws, and traditions. The relevance of the Jewish education system to Nigeria’s system of education lies in the following aspects:
1. Emphasis on moral and ethical values: Like the Jewish education system, Nigerian education should promote moral and ethical values to build a responsible and upright society.
2. Focus on religious and cultural heritage: Incorporating aspects of Nigeria’s diverse cultural and religious heritage into the education system can foster a sense of identity and unity among the populace.
3. Community involvement: In both systems, community participation and support in education are vital for holistic development and social cohesion.
However, it is essential to adapt and modernize the Jewish education system’s approach to align with Nigeria’s contemporary needs and challenges in education, technology, and social development.
The Athenian and Spartan systems of education had various impacts on the development of Nigeria’s education system:
1. Athenian contributions: The emphasis on arts, literature, and philosophy in Athenian education has influenced the promotion of humanities and liberal arts education in Nigeria. The focus on critical thinking and reasoning has also been integrated into modern teaching practices.
2. Spartan contributions: The Spartan emphasis on physical education and discipline has influenced the promotion of sports and physical fitness in Nigeria’s educational curriculum. Additionally, the Spartans’ focus on military training and citizenship instilled a sense of nationalism and civic responsibility in their education, which has some parallels in Nigeria’s emphasis on patriotism and civic education.
[mediator_tech]
1. The 1969 Curriculum Conference was held in ________.
a) Kaduna
b) Lagos
c) Abuja
2. The conference aimed to represent a cross-section of the Nigerian society, including __________.
a) Only education experts and professionals
b) Trade unions and religious organizations
c) Only university lecturers and administrators
3. The 1969 Curriculum Conference was not primarily concerned with preparing a ________.
a) Regional curriculum
b) National curriculum
c) International curriculum
4. The conference identified new national goals for Nigerian education to aid in ________.
a) Youth empowerment
b) Nation building and national reconstruction
c) Economic development only
5. The major significance of the 1969 Curriculum Conference was the articulation of the current ________ on education.
a) Regional policy
b) International policy
c) National policy
6. The 1969 conference led to the overhaul of the 7-5-2-3 system of education to the popularized ________ system in Nigeria.
a) 6-3-3-4
b) 5-4-3-2
c) 4-3-2-1
7. The new system of education in Nigeria reduced the number of schooling years from seventeen to ________.
a) Fourteen
b) Fifteen
c) Sixteen
8. The Athenian education marked a great turning point with the ideas of the ________.
a) Philosophers
b) Sophists
c) Teachers
9. The Sophists emphasized the art of ________ and public speaking skills.
a) Writing
b) Reading
c) Persuasive speaking
10. The Sophists questioned absolute truths and advocated for ________.
a) Critical thinking
b) Memorization of facts
c) Blind obedience
11. The Jewish education system focused on religious instruction and ________.
a) Art
b) Physical education
c) Moral values
12. The Jewish education system’s relevance to Nigeria lies in promoting ________ among the populace.
a) Cultural diversity
b) Moral and ethical values
c) Sports and physical fitness
13. Athenian education contributed to the promotion of ________ in Nigeria’s education system.
a) Arts and literature
b) Mathematics and science
c) Military training
14. The Spartan education system emphasized physical education and ________.
a) Philosophy
b) Discipline
c) Religion
15. The development of teacher education in Nigeria initially involved ________ methods of passing knowledge.
a) Informal
b) Modern
c) Technological
[mediator_tech]
1. The 1969 Curriculum Conference was aimed at reviewing the old and identifying ________ for Nigerian education.
a) New national goals
b) Best teaching practices
c) Effective teaching methods
2. The conference involved various stakeholders, including trade unions, farmers, university lecturers, and ________.
a) Professionals only
b) Government officials only
c) People from all works of life
3. The primary purpose of the 1969 Curriculum Conference was to prepare a ________ curriculum.
a) Regional
b) National
c) International
4. The conference’s significance in curriculum development was the articulation of the current ________ on education.
a) Regional policy
b) International policy
c) National policy
5. The 6-3-3-4 system of education in Nigeria resulted from the overhaul of the previous ________ system.
a) 5-4-3-2
b) 7-5-2-3
c) 4-3-2-1
6. The new system reduced the number of schooling years from seventeen to ________.
a) Fourteen
b) Fifteen
c) Sixteen
7. The Sophists in the early Greek periods emphasized the importance of ________ speaking skills.
a) Rhetoric and oratory
b) Writing and grammar
c) Mathematics and science
8. The Sophists’ ideas encouraged students to question assumptions and beliefs, promoting ________.
a) Critical thinking
b) Blind obedience
c) Memorization of facts
9. The Jewish education system focused on the study of scriptures, religious laws, and ________.
a) Mathematics
b) Traditions
c) Science
10. The relevance of the Jewish education system to Nigeria lies in promoting ________ among students.
a) Cultural diversity
b) Moral and ethical values
c) Physical fitness
11. Athenian education contributed to the promotion of ________ in Nigeria’s education system.
a) Arts and literature
b) Mathematics and science
c) Military training
12. The Spartan education system emphasized discipline and ________.
a) Philosophy
b) Physical education
c) Religion
13. The Athenian education system’s emphasis on arts and literature influenced the promotion of ________ in Nigeria.
a) Cultural heritage
b) Economic development
c) Technological advancement
14. The contributions of Athenian education to Nigeria included a focus on ________ development.
a) Political
b) Social
c) Economic
15. The development of teacher education in Nigeria initially involved ________ methods of passing knowledge.
a) Informal
b) Modern
c) Technological
Modern Education In Nigeria Compared With Spartan Ancient Education