HomePrimary 4English GrammarSubstitution Table and Linking Words English Grammar Primary 4 Second Term Lesson Notes Week 5

Substitution Table and Linking Words English Grammar Primary 4 Second Term Lesson Notes Week 5

Detailed Lesson Plan

Subject: English Composition
Class: Primary 4
Term: Second Term
Week: Week 5
Topic: Grammar: Write and Copy Their Own Composition Using the Substitution Table, Punctuation Marks, and Linking Words

Age:

9–10 years

Duration:

40 Minutes

Behavioural Objectives:

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

  1. Understand how to use a substitution table to write a composition.
  2. Apply punctuation marks correctly in their compositions.
  3. Use appropriate linking words to connect ideas in writing.

Keywords:

Substitution Table, Composition, Punctuation Marks, Linking Words, Grammar

Set Induction (5 Minutes):

  • Begin the lesson by asking pupils if they have ever written a story about themselves or something they like.
  • Display a simple substitution table and a short paragraph written using it.
  • Explain that substitution tables can help in organizing and writing a good composition.

Entry Behaviour:

Pupils are familiar with basic sentence structures and simple punctuation marks (e.g., full stops and capital letters).

Learning Resources and Materials:

  • Substitution tables on charts or handouts
  • Sample compositions
  • Flashcards with linking words (e.g., “and,” “but,” “because”)
  • Whiteboard and markers

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge:

  • Revise the use of full stops and linking words from previous lessons.
  • Remind pupils of the importance of punctuation marks to clarify meaning in writing.

Embedded Core Skills:

  • Communication Skills: Writing sentences clearly.
  • Critical Thinking: Choosing appropriate words from the substitution table.
  • Collaboration: Working in pairs or groups.
  • Creativity: Writing original compositions.

Learning Materials:

  • Lagos State Scheme of Work
  • Grammar and Composition Textbooks
  • Printed substitution tables

Instructional Materials:

  • Charts
  • Flashcards
  • Writing worksheets

Content:

Definition of a Substitution Table

A substitution table is a tool that helps writers build sentences by providing a variety of words or phrases organized in columns. It allows you to create meaningful sentences by choosing words from each column.

Explanation of Linking Words

Linking words are used to connect ideas or sentences. Examples include “and,” “but,” “because,” “so,” and “then.” They help make writing smooth and clear.

Explanation of Punctuation Marks

  • Full Stop (.): Used to end a sentence. Example: “I like reading.”
  • Question Mark (?): Used to ask a question. Example: “Do you like reading?”

Substitution Table Example:

Subject Action Object/Complement Time Phrase
I play football every Saturday.
She likes dancing in the evening.
We enjoy watching cartoons on weekends.
They are visiting their grandparents tomorrow.

Sample Composition Using the Substitution Table

“I play football every Saturday. She likes dancing in the evening. We enjoy watching cartoons on weekends. They are visiting their grandparents tomorrow.”

Examples of Linking Words in Sentences

  1. I like apples and oranges.
  2. She stayed home because it was raining.
  3. He tried hard, but he couldn’t win.

How to Write a Good Composition

  1. Start by choosing words from the substitution table to form sentences.
  2. Use linking words to connect your sentences and make them flow.
  3. Use punctuation marks to make your composition clear.

Practice Substitution Table:

Subject Verb Object/Complement Place
My brother is reading a storybook in the library.
The teacher is teaching a lesson in the classroom.
We are playing a new game outside.
The children are singing a song in the hall.

Activity:

Pupils will use the substitution table to write 4 sentences. They should connect the sentences using linking words (e.g., “and,” “but”).

Evaluation:

Fill-in-the-Blank Questions (Choose the Correct Option):

  1. I ____ (a) like (b) likes (c) liking apples and bananas.
  2. She is ____ (a) reading (b) reads (c) read a book in the library.
  3. We ____ (a) playing (b) play (c) plays football outside.
  4. The teacher ____ (a) teach (b) teaches (c) teaching a lesson.
  5. They are ____ (a) visits (b) visiting (c) visit their grandparents.
  6. Use a ____ (a) full stop (b) comma (c) question mark at the end of a statement.
  7. Use a ____ (a) question mark (b) exclamation mark (c) full stop to ask a question.
  8. My brother likes apples ____ oranges. (a) but (b) and (c) because
  9. She stayed home ____ it was raining. (a) because (b) but (c) and
  10. I enjoy reading books, ____ I don’t like watching TV. (a) because (b) but (c) and

FAQs for Class Activity Discussion:

  1. What is a substitution table?
    A table that helps you create sentences by choosing words from columns.
  2. Why do we use punctuation marks?
    To make writing clear and easy to understand.
  3. What is a linking word?
    A word that connects sentences, like “and” or “but.”
  4. What is the purpose of a full stop?
    To end a sentence.
  5. What punctuation mark ends a question?
    A question mark.
  6. Can linking words join ideas?
    Yes, linking words connect ideas in writing.
  7. What is a good linking word for adding information?
    “And” is a good linking word for adding information.
  8. What does “but” do in a sentence?
    It shows contrast or difference.
  9. When do we use “because”?
    To give a reason for something.
  10. Can we use more than one linking word in a sentence?
    Yes, as long as they fit.

Lesson Presentation:

  1. Introduction:
    • Revise punctuation marks and linking words from earlier lessons.
    • Display and explain a substitution table.
  2. Teacher’s Activities:
    • Explain how to use substitution tables for writing.
    • Write examples on the board.
  3. Learners’ Activities:
    • Pupils form sentences using the table.
    • Pupils work in pairs to write short compositions.
  4. Assessment Questions:
    1. Write a sentence using “but.”
    2. Write a sentence with a full stop.
    3. Write a question using the word “why.”
    4. What is the function of a substitution table?
    5. Write two sentences joined by “because.”

Conclusion:

  • Teacher checks pupils’ sentences and gives feedback.
  • Encourage pupils to use substitution tables at home.

Writing : Study these words and make sentences from them Primary 4 Second Term Week 5

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