GOVERNMENT AND INDIVIDUAL EFFORTS GEARED TOWARDS COMBATING HUMAN TRAFFICKING
FIRST TERM E-LEARNING NOTE
SUBJECT: CIVIC EDUCATION
CLASS: SS 3
WEEK FIVE
GOVERNMENT AND INDIVIDUAL EFFORTS GEARED TOWARDS COMBATING HUMAN TRAFFICKING
1. Establishment of NAPTIP in the year 2003.
2. The government pledged in 2009 to annually fund the activities and operations of NAPTIP with over 7 million dollars.
3. Government sustained efforts to raise awareness on human trafficking in both rural and urban areas by organizing workshops, seminars and conferences. Also by distributing manuals, textbooks, pamphlets, etc. printed in different languages on human trafficking and ways of preventing it.
4. Enactment of trafficking law and administration Act in 2003 that was amended in 2005 to increase penalties and punishment for traffickers and to prohibit human trafficking in all form.
5. Government together with international partners provide specialized training to officials of NAPTIP, Police, Custom and Immigration on how to recognize, investigate and prosecute human traffickers.
6. The move towards enacting a law to directly address the challenge of Human Trafficking in Nigeria started with a private member bill sent to the National Assembly by WOTCLEF.
7. Government and the private sector have started engaging in massive awareness campaigns on the dangers of human trafficking in Nigeria, through the proliferation of posters, banners, flyers and videos that can be seen everywhere.
8. Nigeria is a signatory to all relevant international treaties against human trafficking and has also ratified some of them, including the UN Trafficking in Persons Protocol and ILO Convention 182 on the Worst Forms of Child Labour.
9. The government has set up various initiatives that are aimed at curbing human trafficking in Nigeria, such as the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) funded project called Project Alert on Violence against Women and Children.
10. In recent years, the Federal Government has set up several task forces to combat human trafficking in Nigeria, including the Presidential Task Force on Human Trafficking (PTFHT), which includes representatives from NAPTIP, Customs, Immigration and Police.
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Overall, the government has taken a number of steps to combat human trafficking in Nigeria, including establishing NAPTIP, increasing funding for anti-trafficking efforts, and providing specialized training to law enforcement officials. In addition, the government has signed various international treaties related to human trafficking and enacted laws aimed at preventing this form of exploitation.
EVALUATION
Highlight the efforts of government in eradicating human trafficking.
The Trafficking in Persons Law Enforcement and Administration Bill was passed by the National Assembly (House of Senate and House of Representative) on 7th July, 2003. President OlusegunObasanjo gave his assent to the bill on 14th July, 2003 to make it an act. This act was further amended in 2005.
The law prescribed a punishment of five (5) years imprisonment or a fine of 670 Dollars which is about #100,000 for labour trafficking. Ten (10) years to life imprisonment for sex trafficking. Ten (10) years imprisonment for trafficking of children for forced begging and hawking. The law also prescribed similar penalty for offences like rape.
The law empowers NAPTIP, police, immigration and custom officials to arrest human traffickers. Once arrested, human traffickers can be tried in court.
The Child Right Act was enacted in 2003 to make child trafficking a criminal offence. Nigeria constitution however placed child right issues under the jurisdiction of state government. As a result, some states enacted their own child right laws.
In recent years, the Federal Government has stepped up its efforts to combat human trafficking in Nigeria. This includes initiatives such as Project Alert on Violence against Women and Children (PAVAWC), which provides training and support services to survivors of human trafficking and is funded by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). The government has also worked closely with international organizations like the UNODC, as well as local NGOs such as WOTCLEF, to raise awareness about the dangers of human trafficking and provide support to victims. Overall, while there is still more work that needs to be done in this area, the government’s efforts have been largely successful at reducing the incidence of human trafficking in Nigeria.
NATIONAL AGENCY FOR PROHIBITION OF TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS AND OTHER RELATED OFFENCES NAPTIP came into existence on the 26th August, 2003. This agency was established as a creation of the Trafficking in Persons Prohibition Law Enforcement and Administration Act of July 14th, 2003. The agency was established to address the problem of trafficking in persons in Nigeria. For NAPTIP to perform its functions effectively as the number one agency for prohibiting and prosecuting human trafficking in Nigeria, section 4 of the 2003 human trafficking in person prohibition law enforcement and administration act gave NAPTIP the power to perform the following functions:
1. To coordinate all laws on trafficking in persons and other related offences.
2. To adopt measures to increase the effectiveness of eradication of trafficking in persons.
3. To adopt witness protection measures.
4. To enhance effectiveness of law enforcement agents to suppress traffic in persons.
5. To establish proper communication channels, conduct research and work on improving international cooperation in the suppression of traffic in person by land, sea and air.
6. To supervise, control and coordinate the rehabilitation of victims of human trafficking.
7. To investigate and prosecute human traffickers.
8. To establish and operate shelters for victims of human trafficking.
9. To work with state governments to ensure that relevant laws are passed in every state of the country on trafficking in persons and related offences.
10. Adopt measures to sensitize Nigerians to the dangers of human trafficking and its attendant effects.
Overall, the government’s efforts to reduce human trafficking in Nigeria have been largely successful, though there is still more work that needs to be done in this area. One key area of focus moving forward will be the need for continued collaboration between the government and local NGOs, as well as greater investment in awareness campaigns and victim support services.
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DEPARTMENTS OF NAPTIP
1. Investigation unit.
2. Prosecution unit.
3. Counseling and rehabilitation unit.
4. Public enlightenment unit.
1. INVESTIGATION UNIT
This department receives intelligence information on human trafficking with a view to arrest and array them in court for prosecution.
2. PROSECUTION UNIT
This is the department that takes over human traffickers that are detected and being arrested by the investigation unit of the agency. This unit carries out proper and detailed investigation on the trafficker.
3. COUNSELLING AND REHABILITATION UNIT
This unit takes over victims of human trafficking by providing shelter, food and counseling for the victims in order to reintegrate them back to the society. It also help them to overcome their psychological and physiological problems.
4. PUBLIC ENLIGHTENMENT
This department educates the public on the dangers and consequences of human trafficking.
EVALUATION
1. State the punishment awarded for people who engage in human trafficking.
2. Highlight the various functions of NAPTIP.
GENERAL EVALUATION
1. What is the meaning of NAPTIP?
2. Explain the roles of NAPTIP in eradicating human trafficking.
3. Define constituted authority?
4. Mention the types of constituted authority.
5. State the ways through which leaders emerge.
6. Describe the role of accountability in society.
7. Discuss some of the challenges facing law enforcement agencies in combating human trafficking.
8. Give your opinion on what more can be done to reduce human trafficking in Nigeria.
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READING ASSIGNMENT
Fundamentals of Civic Education for Senior Secondary Schools Book 3, Sola Akinyemi. Pg. 119.
This reading assignment discusses the role of accountability in society, particularly how it is used to promote good governance and improve public institutions. The author argues that accountability is essential for building a strong and effective government, as it helps to hold officials and public institutions accountable for their actions. Some key techniques that are often used to promote accountability include performance monitoring, regular audits, and providing citizens with access to information.
One of the key challenges facing law enforcement agencies in combating human trafficking is a lack of resources and funding. This means that many agencies are understaffed and under-resourced, which can make it difficult to conduct investigations and successfully prosecute offenders. In addition, some areas may have a weak legal framework for addressing human trafficking, which can make it difficult to hold traffickers and providers of support services to victims accountable.
To reduce human trafficking in Nigeria, there must be greater collaboration between government agencies, NGOs, and local communities. This will help ensure that effective programs are implemented and that resources are used efficiently to target the root causes of human trafficking. Additionally, there must be a focus on education and awareness-raising campaigns to increase public understanding of the issue and empower citizens to take action against this form of exploitation. Ultimately, ending human trafficking will require a long-term commitment from all stakeholders in society.
WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT
1. NAPTIP was established in year (a) 2000 (b) 2002 (c) 2003
2. Which of these Nigerian heads of state signed the trafficking in persons act into law? (a) General AbdulsalamAbubakar (b) DrGoodluck Jonathan(c) Chief OlusegunObasanjo
3. The National Assembly passed the bill on trafficking in persons law act on ________ (a) 14th July 2003 (b) 7th July 2003 (c) 7th August 2003
4. Which of these units of NAPTIP receives intelligence information on human trafficking activities? (a) public enlightenment unit (b) investigation unit (c) prosecution unit
5. NAFDAC means? (a) National Food, Drug Administration and council (b) National Food Drug Administration and Control (c) National Food, Drug Administration and committee
6. The traditional ruler charged with the responsibility of controlling his subjects cannot be arrested except by_________ (a) Magistrate Court (b) High Court (c) lower court
7. NAPTIP has one main advantage over other agencies in fighting human trafficking?(a) it is better funded, hence more effective (b) it has access to more sophisticated equipment and technology (c) it is empowered by law to prosecute traffickers
8. The Humanitarian Organisation for Migration Economics in Singapore is _______?(a) a private organization that works with NAPTIP in the fight against human trafficking (b) part of the United Nations and works to reduce human trafficking and other forms of exploitation (c) a government agency that assists victims of human trafficking
9. Which of these is not one of the causes of human trafficking? (a) poverty (b) lack of education (c) political instability
10. Which country has the highest rate of human trafficking? (a) China (b) United States (c) Thailand
11. The US State Department publishes an annual report on human trafficking in different countries, and assigns a tier rating to every country based on their efforts to address the issue. This is done according to which of these criteria?(a) penalties for human trafficking offences (b) the number of prosecutions and convictions for human traffickers (c) the efforts made by the government to assist victims
12. The most common form of human trafficking in Nigeria is: (a) sexual exploitation (b) forced labour (c) domestic servitude
13. Which of these states has not hosted an anti-human trafficking summit? (a) Lagos (b) Anambra (c) Abuja
14. Which of the following should a person do to report a case of human trafficking to NAPTIP?(a) approach any office of NAPTIP in their state (b) write a letter to the headquarters of NAPTIP (c) post a message on their social media page
15. Which of the following is not one of the roles played by traditional rulers in human trafficking? (a) they assist victims to return to their communities (b) they provide intelligence information on human trafficking hotspots in their areas (c) they provide funds and other resources for the fight against human trafficking
16. The best way to empower victims of human trafficking is: (a) to encourage them to go back to their communities (b) give them vocational training and a small amount of money so that they can start life afresh (c) send them abroad where there are better opportunities
17. Which of the following is not a plausible consequence of human trafficking? (a) prostitution (b) forced labour (c) loss of dignity and self-esteem
18. The National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control is responsible for inspecting the quality of food, drugs etc in Nigeria. Which of these agencies works to protect victims of human trafficking in Nigeria? (a) NAPTIP (b) EFCC (c) DSS
19. In order to effectively fight human trafficking, what are some of the things that should not be done?(i) treat victims like criminals rather than as victims (ii) ignore the role played by unscrupulous travel agents in human trafficking (iii) blame victims for the actions of their traffickers
20. The Central Bank of Nigeria is responsible for regulating financial institutions like banks and insurance companies. Which body regulates charitable organizations? (a) NAPTIP (b) EFCC (c) FRCN
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THEORY
1. How can government assist in eradicating human trafficking?
2. Highlight five roles of individuals in eradicating human trafficking.
3. What are some of the key challenges faced by anti-human trafficking organizations in Nigeria?
4. How can governments, non-governmental organizations, and individuals work together to effectively combat human trafficking?
5. What are some of the long-term consequences of human trafficking on society as a whole? How can these consequences be minimized or prevented?