Measurements. Fundamental or Basic Units of Measurement of Mass, Time, Capacity or Linear Measurement 

Topic: Measurements 

Sub-topic: Fundamental or Basic Units of Measurement of Mass, Time, Capacity or Linear Measurement 

Methods of Teaching 

• Role modelling
• Questions and Answers
• Explanation
• Discussion
• Recitation
• Imitation
• Story Telling
• Dramatization

Instructional Materials 

• Scale
• Ruler
• Wall clock
• Stop watch
• Thermometer
• Wrist watch
• Scale balance
• Pictures
• Online Resource

Previous Knowledge: The pupils have previous knowledge of

Reproductive Health

that was taught in their previous lesson.

Entry Behaviour :

• What is measurement
• What are the tools that are need for measurements
• What can we measure
• Why do we need to measure?

Behavioural  Objectives : At the end of the lesson, learners will be able to

• Say the meaning of measurement
• Mention tools or devices that are used for measurement
• Say the basic units of measurement
• Identify and write out tools that are used for measurements

Key Vocabulary Word

• Measurement : To find out how long or heavy an object is. It also means how long it takes to get something done
• Scale : A device that is used to measure weight
• Thermometer : A device that is used to measure the degree of hotness or coldness of the body or a place

Content

Week 4

Topic: Measurement

Introduction

Measurement is one of the fundamental concepts in experimental sciences, including physics.

Measurement is the process of attaching a numeric value to an aspect of a natural phenomenon, such as the volume of the milk produced by a cow, in order to be able to describe that phenomenon accurately and make comparisons to other similar phenomena.

Importance of measurement

1. Unless we are able to measure some phenomena, we cannot say we scientifically know anything about that thing.
2. Measurement gives a base to understand the universe. All around us we are surrounded by various things.
3. We might not note it but unconsciously we are actually “measuring” things and understanding them one way or the other. We are surrounded by Measurement.

Fundamental or Basic Unit

You measure things by defining a standard unit and then stating the measurement in terms of multiples of that unit. A fundamental unit of measurement is a defined unit that cannot be described as a function of other units.

The International System of Units (SI) defined seven basic units of measure from which all other SI units are derived.

SI Base Units

The SI unit system consists of seven base units, with a number of other units derived from those foundations. Below are the base SI units, along with their precise definitions:

• Meter (m) – The base unit of length
• Kilogram (kg) – The base unit of mass
• Second (s) – The base unit of time
• Ampere (A) – The base unit of electrical current
• Kelvin(degrees K) – The base unit of thermodynamic temperature
• Mole (mol) – The base unit of substance; the amount of substance of a system which contains as many elementary entities as there are atoms in 0.012 kilograms of carbon 12. When the mole is used, the elementary entities must be specified and may be atoms, molecules, ions, electrons, other particles, or specified groups of such particles.
• Candela (cd) – The base unit of luminous intensity

These SI base units or commonly called metric units in summary are:

Although these SI base quantities are supposed to be a set of mutually independent dimensions, some may well be interdependent.

Derived Units

With these base units, we can combine them to form derived units, such as the Newton, acceleration or speed; as an example, let us look at speed. Speed is described by the following equation:

MEASURING DEVICES

Instruments for determining various quantities such as temperature, mass, height, length, voltage and mechanical force.

Measure of temperature

Temperature: physical quantity corresponding to the level of heat or cold, which is measured by means of a thermometer.

Measure of time

Time: physical quantity corresponding to a phenomenon or an event that is measured with devices such as watches and stopwatches.

Measure of weight

Mass: physical quantity that characterizes an amount of matter (mass) that is measured by means of a scale.

Measure of thickness

Thickness: dimension corresponding to the distance between two surfaces of the same body.

Measure of distance

Distance: interval separating two points in space.

Measure of length

Length: the longer dimension of an object as opposed to its width.

Presentation: 

The topic is presented step by step

Step 1: The class teacher revises the old topic

Step 2: The class teacher introduces the new topic

Step 3: The class teacher allows the pupils to give their own contributions and gives room for pupils” participation

Class Teacher and Pupils Activities. Interaction or Participation 

This involves class teacher and pupils’ interaction, conversation, imitation or modeling through discussion, play method or just by recitation or asking and answering questions that are related to the topic that has just been taught

• The class teacher tells the learners to measure their benches and desks
• The class teacher encourages the learners to measure time by making use of stopwatches or their wristwatches
• Let the pupils know that each element that can be measured  has its own basic unit of measurement

Evaluation 

1. __________ is the base unit of length
2. __________ is the base unit of mass
3.  __________ is the base unit of time
4. __________ is the base unit of electrical current
5. __________ is the base unit of thermodynamic temperature
6. Measurement is __________
7. 3 importance of measurement are __________, __________ and __________
8. What is a protractor used for? __________
9. Angles are measured in __________
10. What does spring balance measure?