Lesson Plan Presentation
Subject: English Grammar
Class: Primary 4
Term: First Term
Week: 8
Topic: Further Practice in the Use of Tenses
Sub-topic: Present Tense, Past Tense, Present Continuous Tense, and Past Continuous Tense
Duration: 40 minutes
Behavioural Objectives: By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
- Understand and distinguish between various tenses.
- Practice using present, past, present continuous, and past continuous tenses.
- Construct sentences using the correct tenses.
- Identify the time frames for each tense.
Key Words:
- Present Tense
- Past Tense
- Present Continuous Tense
- Past Continuous Tense
Entry Behaviour: Pupils should know basic verbs and simple sentence structures.
Learning Resources and Materials:
- Pictures showing different activities.
- Flashcards with verbs in different tenses.
- Blackboard and chalk or whiteboard and markers.
Building Background / Connection to Prior Knowledge: Pupils have previously learned about simple verbs and how to use them in sentences.
Embedded Core Skills:
- Critical thinking
- Communication
- Observation
- Writing
Reference Books:
- Lagos State Scheme of Work for Primary 4
- Basic English Grammar Textbook for Primary Schools
Instructional Materials:
- Pictures
- Flashcards
- Blackboard/whiteboard
Content
Present Tense: Describes actions happening now or regularly.
Past Tense: Describes actions that happened before now.
Present Continuous Tense: Describes actions happening right now.
- Example: She is eating lunch.
Past Continuous Tense: Describes actions that were happening in the past.
- Example: She was eating lunch when I called.
Understanding and Using Different Tenses
1. Present Tense
- Use: Talks about things happening now or always true.
- Example:
- I eat breakfast every day. 🍽️
- She sings beautifully. 🎤
2. Past Tense
- Use: Talks about things that happened before now.
- Example:
- I ate breakfast yesterday. 🍽️
- She sang beautifully last night. 🎤
3. Present Continuous Tense
- Use: Talks about things happening right now.
- Example:
- I am eating breakfast now. 🍽️
- She is singing a song. 🎤
4. Past Continuous Tense
- Use: Talks about things that were happening in the past.
- Example:
- I was eating breakfast when you called. 📞
- She was singing when it started to rain. 🌧️
5. Identifying Time Frames
- Present Tense: Now, always, usually.
- Example: I walk to school every day.
- Past Tense: Yesterday, last week, a year ago.
- Example: I walked to school yesterday.
- Present Continuous Tense: Right now, currently, at the moment.
- Example: I am walking to school now.
- Past Continuous Tense: When, while.
- Example: I was walking to school when it started to rain.
Examples with Emoji
- Present Tense: I play football. ⚽
- Past Tense: I played football yesterday. ⚽
- Present Continuous Tense: I am playing football now. ⚽
- Past Continuous Tense: I was playing football when it rained. ⚽🌧️
Practice Using the Tenses
- Present Tense: She drinks milk every morning. 🥛
- Past Tense: She drank milk last night. 🥛
- Present Continuous Tense: She is drinking milk now. 🥛
- Past Continuous Tense: She was drinking milk when I called. 🥛📞
Understanding and practicing these tenses helps us talk about different times. Keep practicing! 😊
Class Activity Discussion about Tenses
1. What is the present tense? The present tense talks about things happening now or always true.
- Example: She eats breakfast.
2. What is the past tense? The past tense talks about things that happened before now.
- Example: She ate breakfast yesterday.
3. What is the present continuous tense? The present continuous tense talks about things happening right now.
- Example: She is eating breakfast now.
4. What is the past continuous tense? The past continuous tense talks about things that were happening in the past.
- Example: She was eating breakfast when I called.
5. How do you form the present tense? Use the base form of the verb, and add “s” or “es” for he, she, and it.
6. How do you form the past tense? Add “ed” to regular verbs, but irregular verbs change completely.
- Example: He played. / He went.
7. How do you form the present continuous tense? Use “am,” “is,” or “are” with the verb ending in “ing.”
8. How do you form the past continuous tense? Use “was” or “were” with the verb ending in “ing.”
- Example: They were playing.
9. When do we use the present tense? We use it for actions happening now or regularly.
- Example: She dances every day.
10. When do we use the past tense? We use it for actions that happened before now.
- Example: He danced yesterday.
11. When do we use the present continuous tense? We use it for actions happening right now.
- Example: I am dancing now.
12. When do we use the past continuous tense? We use it for actions that were happening at a specific time in the past.
- Example: He was dancing when I arrived.
13. What are the keywords for present tense? Now, always, every day.
- Example: She always smiles.
14. What are the keywords for past tense? Yesterday, last week, ago.
- Example: They left an hour ago.
15. What are the keywords for continuous tenses? Right now, at the moment, when, while.
- Example: She is studying at the moment.
Fill-in-the-Blank Questions on Tenses
Choose the correct answer: a, b, c, or d.
- She ____ to school every day.
- a) walk
- b) walks
- c) walked
- d) walking
- They ____ a movie last night.
- a) watch
- b) watches
- c) watched
- d) watching
- I ____ my homework now.
- a) do
- b) does
- c) did
- d) am doing
- We ____ dinner when the phone rang.
- a) eat
- b) eats
- c) ate
- d) were eating
- He ____ his bike yesterday.
- a) rides
- b) ride
- c) rode
- d) riding
- They ____ football at the moment.
- a) play
- b) plays
- c) played
- d) are playing
- I ____ a book every night.
- a) read
- b) reads
- c) reading
- d) readed
- She ____ TV when I called her.
- a) watch
- b) watches
- c) watched
- d) was watching
- We ____ to the park last weekend.
- a) go
- b) goes
- c) went
- d) going
- He ____ breakfast now.
- a) eat
- b) eats
- c) ate
- d) is eating
- They ____ their rooms every Saturday.
- a) clean
- b) cleans
- c) cleaned
- d) cleaning
- I ____ my friend yesterday.
- a) see
- b) sees
- c) saw
- d) seeing
- She ____ her lunch at the moment.
- a) has
- b) have
- c) having
- d) is having
- We ____ happy when we heard the news.
- a) is
- b) are
- c) was
- d) were
- He ____ a new game now.
- a) plays
- b) played
- c) is playing
- d) was playing
Presentation
Step 1: Revision
- Teacher’s Activity: Revises the previous topic about basic verbs and sentences.
- Learners’ Activity: Pupils recall and list some verbs they know.
Step 2: Introduction of the New Topic
- Teacher’s Activity: Introduces the new topic on tenses. Shows examples using pictures.
- Example: Picture of a girl eating: “She eats lunch” (Present), “She ate lunch” (Past), “She is eating lunch” (Present Continuous), “She was eating lunch” (Past Continuous).
- Learners’ Activity: Pupils look at the pictures and listen.
Step 3: Explanation and Practice
- Teacher’s Activity: Explains each tense with more examples and writes them on the board.
- Present Tense: He runs.
- Past Tense: He ran.
- Present Continuous Tense: He is running.
- Past Continuous Tense: He was running.
- Learners’ Activity: Pupils repeat after the teacher and practice forming sentences.
Step 4: Contributions and Corrections
- Teacher’s Activity: Asks pupils to give their own examples. Corrects them when necessary.
- Learners’ Activity: Pupils share their examples and receive feedback.
Teacher’s Activities:
- Shows pictures and flashcards.
- Writes examples on the board.
- Corrects pupils’ sentences.
- Engages pupils in practice activities.
Learners’ Activities:
- Observe pictures and flashcards.
- Repeat examples after the teacher.
- Form their own sentences using different tenses.
- Share sentences with the class.
Assessment:
- Write three sentences using the present tense.
- Write three sentences using the past tense.
- Write two sentences using the present continuous tense.
- Write two sentences using the past continuous tense.
Evaluation Questions:
- We __________ (play) football every Sunday. a) play b) playing c) played d) will play
- She __________ (sing) a beautiful song yesterday. a) sing b) is singing c) sang d) will sing
- Right now, they __________ (swim) in the pool. a) swim b) swims c) swam d) are swimming
- He __________ (read) a book when the phone rang. a) read b) reads c) is reading d) was reading
- The cat always __________ (purr) when it’s happy. a) purr b) purring c) purred d) will purr
- We usually __________ (eat) dinner at 7 PM. a) eat b) eating c) ate d) will eat
- The kids __________ (build) a sandcastle at the beach now. a) build b) builds c) building d) are building
- Yesterday, she __________ (dance) at the school party. a) dance b) dances c) is dancing d) danced
- Birds __________ (sing) lovely songs in the morning. a) sing b) singing c) sang d) will sing
- I __________ (watch) a movie when the lights went out. a) watch b) watches c) watched d) am watching
- He often __________ (run) in the park after school. a) run b) runs c) running d) ran
- They __________ (paint) the house last summer. a) paint b) paints c) is painting d) painted
- While I __________ (study), my friend called me. a) study b) studying c) studied d) am studying
- The bakery always __________ (bake) fresh bread in the morning. a) bake b) bakes c) baking d) baked
- Tomorrow, we __________ (go) to the zoo with our class. a) go b) goes c) going d) went
- What is the present tense form of “walk”?
- What is the past tense form of “run”?
- Use “play” in a present continuous sentence.
- Use “jump” in a past continuous sentence.
- What is the past tense form of “swim”?
- Write a sentence using the present tense of “write”.
- Write a sentence using the past tense of “read”.
- What is the present continuous form of “sing”?
- What is the past continuous form of “dance”?
- Write a sentence using the past continuous form of “talk”.
Conclusion:
- Teacher’s Activity: Goes around to mark pupils’ work and provides necessary corrections.
- Learners’ Activity: Pupils submit their work and listen to feedback.
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