Functions of Various Classes of Food for JSS 1 Students
Lesson Plan: Functions of Various Classes of Food
Subject: Physical and Health Education
Class: JSS 1
Term: Second Term
Week: 10
Age: 11 – 13 years
Topic: Functions of Various Classes of Food
Sub-topic: How Different Food Nutrients Support the Body
Duration: 40 minutes
Behavioural Objectives
By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
- Identify the different classes of food.
- Explain the functions of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water.
- Discuss why a balanced diet is important for health.
- Give examples of foods rich in each nutrient.
Keywords
- Carbohydrates – A source of energy for the body.
- Proteins – Nutrients that help the body grow and repair itself.
- Fats & Oils – Provide energy and keep the body warm.
- Vitamins – Help the body fight diseases.
- Mineral Salts – Essential for strong bones and proper body functions.
- Water – Helps in digestion and body temperature regulation.
Set Induction
The teacher asks students:
- What do you eat before coming to school?
- Which food do you think gives you energy?
- Why do we drink water daily?
The teacher explains that different foods have different roles in the body.
Entry Behaviour
Students have previously learned about food nutrients and their sources. This lesson will explain their functions.
Learning Resources and Materials
- Charts showing food classes and their benefits.
- Samples of different food items.
- Flashcards with food names and their functions.
Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge
Students already know the six classes of food. This lesson helps them understand their importance.
Embedded Core Skills
- Critical Thinking – Identifying the right food for different body functions.
- Communication – Discussing the benefits of various foods.
- Collaboration – Group discussions on healthy eating.
Learning Materials
- Lagos State Scheme of Work
- Basic Science and Health Education Textbook
- Food and Nutrition Textbook
Instructional Materials
- Charts of food groups and their benefits
- Whiteboard and markers
- Picture cards of common food items
Lesson Presentation
Step 1: Functions of Various Classes of Food
The six classes of food perform different functions in the body:
A. Functions of Carbohydrates
- Supply abundant energy to the body in the form of glucose.
- Help the body grow stronger.
- Satisfy hunger and keep the body active.
B. Functions of Proteins
- Repair worn-out tissues.
- Help the body grow and repair cells.
- Regulate body functions.
C. Functions of Fats & Oils
- Provide a high level of energy.
- Protect delicate internal organs.
- Provide body heat for warmth.
D. Functions of Vitamins
- Assist in the growth and development of body tissues.
- Help to maintain good health by protecting the body against infections.
- Improve eyesight, skin health, and immunity.
E. Functions of Mineral Salts
- Aid blood clotting.
- Support proper heart, muscle, and nerve functions.
- Strengthen bones.
- Help in the production of red blood cells.
- Regulate metabolism (chemical processes in the body).
F. Functions of Water
- Helps to remove waste products from the body.
- Aids digestion by breaking down food.
- Regulates body temperature to prevent overheating.
Evaluation
Part A: Fill-in-the-Blank Questions (With Options)
-
Carbohydrates provide the body with ______.
a) Water
b) Energy
c) Vitamins
d) Proteins -
______ helps in repairing worn-out tissues.
a) Minerals
b) Carbohydrates
c) Proteins
d) Fats -
The class of food that protects internal organs is ______.
a) Carbohydrates
b) Fats & Oils
c) Water
d) Vitamins -
Vitamins help in ______.
a) Building bones
b) Fighting diseases
c) Producing energy
d) Removing waste -
______ is essential for blood clotting.
a) Vitamin A
b) Carbohydrates
c) Mineral salts
d) Water -
The nutrient that helps to regulate body temperature is ______.
a) Fats
b) Water
c) Proteins
d) Minerals -
Which class of food provides the highest amount of energy?
a) Fats and oils
b) Proteins
c) Vitamins
d) Water -
A lack of vitamins in the diet may cause ______.
a) Hunger
b) Diseases
c) Strong bones
d) More energy -
Which nutrient helps in red blood cell production?
a) Water
b) Mineral salts
c) Vitamins
d) Carbohydrates -
Water is important in the body because it ______.
a) Helps in digestion
b) Increases hunger
c) Makes bones strong
d) Stops growth
Class Activity Discussion
FAQs with Answers
- Why do we need carbohydrates? Carbohydrates give us energy to perform daily activities.
- Which nutrient helps in body repair? Proteins.
- What does fat do in the body? It protects internal organs and keeps the body warm.
- Why are vitamins important? They help fight diseases and improve health.
- How do minerals help the body? They support bone strength and blood clotting.
- What is the role of water in digestion? It helps break down food for easy absorption.
- Which class of food is responsible for growth? Proteins.
- How does food help our organs? It provides nutrients that keep them functioning well.
- What happens if we don’t drink enough water? We can get dehydrated.
- Why should we eat different types of food? To get all the nutrients needed for a healthy body.
Teacher’s and Learners’ Activities
Teacher’s Activities
- Displays charts showing food functions.
- Asks students to mention foods rich in each nutrient.
- Explains how different foods help the body.
Learners’ Activities
- Answer teacher’s questions.
- Identify foods they eat and their functions.
- Participate in discussions.
Assessment (Renamed as Evaluation Questions)
- Name the six classes of food.
- Mention three functions of carbohydrates.
- How do proteins help the body?
- Give two functions of fats and oils.
- Why are vitamins important?
- List two minerals and their benefits.
- What is the function of water in the body?
- How does food help the heart and muscles?
- Which nutrient helps with blood clotting?
- Why do we need a balanced diet?
Conclusion
- The teacher goes around to check students’ answers.
- Provides corrections and feedback.
- Encourages students to eat a balanced diet.