Types of Animal Diseases for JSS 3 Students Agricultural Science JSS 3 First Term Lesson Notes Week 1
Lesson Plan: Animal Diseases
Subject: Agricultural Science
Class: JSS 3
Term: First Term
Week: 1
Age: 13 – 15 years
Topic: Animal Diseases
Sub-topic: Different Types of Animal Diseases
Duration: 40 minutes
Behavioural Objectives
At the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
- Define animal diseases and explain how they affect animals.
- Identify different types of animal diseases.
- Describe the causes and effects of at least five animal diseases.
- Explain how some diseases spread and ways to control them.
Keywords
- Disease
- Contagious
- Viral
- Hemorrhagic
- Zoonosis
Set Induction
The teacher will show students a picture or video of a sick animal (such as a cow with foot and mouth disease). Students will be asked to describe what they see and predict what might have caused the animal’s condition.
Entry Behaviour
Students are familiar with basic animal care and can mention diseases they have heard of (e.g., bird flu).
Learning Resources and Materials
- Pictures of affected animals (e.g., cattle with lumpy skin disease)
- Textbooks
- Posters illustrating symptoms of common animal diseases
Building Background / Connection to Prior Knowledge
In previous lessons, students discussed the role of healthy animals in agriculture. Understanding animal diseases will help them know how to prevent and manage infections for better productivity.
Embedded Core Skills
- Communication
- Critical thinking
- Collaboration through group discussions
- Problem-solving (discussing disease control)
Learning Materials
- Lagos State Scheme of Work
- Agricultural Science textbooks for JSS 3
Instructional Materials
- Charts showing types of animal diseases
- Samples of disinfectants used for disease control
Content: Types of Animal Diseases
Animal diseases impair the normal state of animals, affecting their ability to perform vital functions. Below are examples of common animal diseases:
- African Horse Sickness (AHS)
- A fatal, non-contagious disease affecting horses, mules, and donkeys.
- Caused by the African horse sickness virus.
- African Swine Fever (ASF)
- A hemorrhagic fever that affects domestic pigs.
- Causes high mortality shortly after infection.
- Avian Influenza (Bird Flu)
- Caused by influenza viruses (AIV).
- Some forms are highly pathogenic and can spread among birds.
- Bluetongue
- A viral disease in ruminants like cattle and sheep.
- Transmitted by midges (small flies).
- Classical Swine Fever (CSF)
- Also known as hog cholera.
- A highly contagious viral disease in pigs.
- Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD)
- A contagious viral disease that spreads rapidly among cloven-hoofed animals.
- Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD)
- Caused by a poxvirus, affecting cattle and other ruminants.
- Characterized by lumps on the skin.
- Newcastle Disease (ND)
- A viral disease affecting birds, especially poultry.
- Causes respiratory issues and reduced egg production.
- Rift Valley Fever (RVF)
- A viral zoonotic disease that affects both animals and humans.
- Rinderpest
- A fatal viral disease in cattle.
- Caused by the Rinderpest virus (a member of the Morbillivirus genus).
- Schmallenberg Virus
- Affects cattle, sheep, and goats, causing congenital malformations and stillbirths.
Teacher’s Activities
- Introduce the topic by defining animal diseases.
- Explain each disease and how it affects different animals.
- Show pictures or videos of affected animals to illustrate symptoms.
- Guide students in identifying which animals are most vulnerable to certain diseases.
- Discuss control measures for preventing the spread of diseases.
Learners’ Activities
- Listen actively to the teacher’s explanations.
- Observe the pictures and videos provided.
- Ask questions about diseases they don’t understand.
- Participate in group discussions on how diseases affect animal productivity.
- Share personal experiences of seeing or hearing about sick animals.
Assessment
Fill-in-the-blank Questions
- __________ is a fatal, non-contagious disease that affects horses.
a) Newcastle disease
b) African horse sickness
c) Bluetongue
d) Rinderpest - The disease that affects domestic pigs and causes high mortality is __________.
a) African swine fever
b) Newcastle disease
c) Foot and mouth disease
d) Avian influenza - Newcastle disease mainly affects __________.
a) Horses
b) Birds
c) Pigs
d) Cattle - The disease caused by a poxvirus that affects cattle is __________.
a) Bluetongue
b) Rinderpest
c) Lumpy skin disease
d) Avian influenza - __________ is transmitted by midges and affects ruminants.
a) African horse sickness
b) Bluetongue
c) Classical swine fever
d) Newcastle disease - Rift Valley fever can infect both __________ and humans.
a) Animals
b) Machines
c) Birds
d) Plants - The viral disease that causes congenital malformations in animals is __________.
a) African swine fever
b) Schmallenberg virus
c) Lumpy skin disease
d) Rinderpest - Hog cholera is also called __________.
a) Newcastle disease
b) Classical swine fever
c) Rift Valley fever
d) Bluetongue - Avian influenza is caused by __________ viruses.
a) Nairovirus
b) AIV
c) Orbivirus
d) Paramyxoviridae - The __________ virus causes Rinderpest.
a) Morbillivirus
b) Capripoxvirus
c) Schmallenberg virus
d) Influenza virus
Class Activity Discussion: Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
- What is animal disease?
- It is an illness that affects animals’ health and function.
- How do animal diseases affect farmers?
- Sick animals reduce productivity and cause financial losses.
- What is African horse sickness?
- A viral disease affecting horses, mules, and donkeys.
- How is foot and mouth disease spread?
- Through contact between animals.
- What animals are affected by lumpy skin disease?
- Mostly cattle and other ruminants.
- Why is classical swine fever dangerous?
- It spreads rapidly and is highly contagious.
- Can humans get Rift Valley fever?
- Yes, it is a zoonotic disease.
- What spreads bluetongue?
- Small flies called midges.
- How do farmers prevent animal diseases?
- By keeping animals in clean environments and vaccinating them.
- Why is Newcastle disease a concern for poultry farmers?
- It reduces egg production and can kill birds.
Conclusion
The teacher will walk around to check students’ responses to the questions and give feedback to ensure they understand the topic.
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This lesson plan ensures students understand the importance of managing animal diseases in agriculture and how to prevent their spread.