Setting Simple Business Goals: Understanding SWOT Analysis for JSS 3 Students Business Studies JSS 3 First Term Lesson Notes Week 9

Setting Simple Business Goals

Subject: Business Studies
Class: JSS 3
Term: First Term
Week: 9
Age: 14-15 years


Topic: Setting Simple Business Goals
Sub-topic: SWOT Analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats)
Duration: 60 minutes


Behavioural Objectives:
By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

  1. Define business goals.
  2. Explain the concept of SWOT analysis.
  3. Identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats for a business.
  4. Set simple and achievable business goals.
  5. Analyze how SWOT affects goal setting.

Keywords: Business goals, SWOT analysis, strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats.


Set Induction:
Begin with a discussion on what goals are and ask students why setting goals is important in business.

Entry Behaviour:
Students should have basic knowledge of business concepts and goal setting.

Learning Resources and Materials:

  • Whiteboard and markers
  • SWOT analysis templates
  • Printed worksheets

Building Background / Connection to Prior Knowledge:
Review previous lessons on entrepreneurship and business planning.

Embedded Core Skills:
Critical thinking, analysis, teamwork, and communication.


Learning Materials:

  • SWOT analysis charts
  • Relevant textbooks

Reference Books:

  • Lagos State Scheme of Work for Business Studies
  • “Business Studies for Junior Secondary Schools”

Instructional Materials:

  • Chart paper for group work
  • Markers

Content:

Definition of Business Goals:
Business goals are specific objectives that a business aims to achieve within a set timeframe.

SWOT Analysis:
A strategic planning tool that helps businesses identify internal and external factors that can affect their success.

  1. Strengths:
    Internal attributes that give the business an advantage.

    • Examples: strong brand reputation, skilled workforce, loyal customers.
  2. Weaknesses:
    Internal factors that may hinder business performance.

    • Examples: lack of funding, limited product range, high employee turnover.
  3. Opportunities:
    External conditions that could help the business grow.

    • Examples: emerging markets, technological advancements, favorable regulations.
  4. Threats:
    External challenges that could negatively impact the business.

    • Examples: economic downturns, increasing competition, changing consumer preferences.

Evaluation:

Fill-in-the-Blank Questions:

  1. Business goals are specific __________ a business aims to achieve. (a) targets (b) tasks (c) ideas (d) wishes
  2. SWOT stands for Strengths, Weaknesses, __________, and Threats. (a) Trends (b) Techniques (c) Opportunities (d) Targets
  3. An example of a strength is a __________ workforce. (a) weak (b) skilled (c) small (d) inexperienced
  4. High employee turnover is a __________. (a) strength (b) opportunity (c) threat (d) weakness
  5. Favorable regulations can be considered an __________. (a) opportunity (b) threat (c) weakness (d) strength
  6. Economic downturns are classified as __________. (a) strengths (b) opportunities (c) threats (d) weaknesses
  7. A strong brand reputation is an example of a __________. (a) weakness (b) threat (c) opportunity (d) strength
  8. SWOT analysis helps businesses make __________ decisions. (a) random (b) informed (c) quick (d) poor
  9. A __________ can help identify potential market gaps. (a) threat (b) weakness (c) opportunity (d) strength
  10. Weaknesses must be __________ to improve business performance. (a) ignored (b) enhanced (c) addressed (d) celebrated
  11. Competitors are considered __________ in the SWOT analysis. (a) strengths (b) threats (c) opportunities (d) weaknesses
  12. The first step in setting goals is to conduct a __________. (a) SWOT analysis (b) marketing survey (c) financial review (d) customer feedback
  13. A __________ could include new technology. (a) weakness (b) strength (c) threat (d) opportunity
  14. Businesses should focus on maximizing __________ while minimizing weaknesses. (a) threats (b) strengths (c) opportunities (d) goals
  15. Understanding external factors helps in setting __________ goals. (a) vague (b) random (c) realistic (d) unclear

Class Activity Discussion:

FAQs with Answers:

  1. What are business goals?
    Specific objectives that a business aims to achieve.
  2. Why is SWOT analysis important?
    It helps identify factors that can affect business success.
  3. What is an example of a strength?
    A skilled workforce or strong brand reputation.
  4. What can be a weakness for a business?
    Lack of funding or high employee turnover.
  5. How do opportunities benefit a business?
    They provide chances for growth or expansion.
  6. What is a common threat to businesses?
    Increasing competition or economic downturns.
  7. Can weaknesses be turned into strengths?
    Yes, with the right strategies and improvements.
  8. How often should a business perform a SWOT analysis?
    Regularly, especially when planning for new projects.
  9. Who can benefit from setting business goals?
    Entrepreneurs and managers in any business setting.
  10. What should come first: SWOT analysis or goal setting?
    SWOT analysis should come first to inform goal setting.
  11. How can technology be an opportunity?
    It can streamline operations or create new products.
  12. What happens if a threat is ignored?
    It could lead to failure or loss of market position.
  13. How specific should business goals be?
    They should be clear and measurable.
  14. Can external factors change over time?
    Yes, market conditions and regulations can change.
  15. What is the ultimate goal of conducting a SWOT analysis?
    To make informed and strategic business decisions.

Presentation:

Step 1: Teacher revises the previous topic on entrepreneurship and business planning.
Step 2: Teacher introduces the new topic of setting business goals using SWOT analysis.
Step 3: Students contribute their thoughts, and the teacher provides corrections and guidance.


Activities:

Teacher’s Activities:

  • Facilitate class discussions.
  • Present examples of SWOT analysis.
  • Guide students in group activities.

Learner’s Activities:

  • Participate actively in discussions.
  • Work in groups to perform a SWOT analysis on a chosen business.
  • Share their analyses and proposed goals with the class.

Assessment:

Evaluation Questions:

  1. What is the purpose of setting business goals?
  2. List one internal factor and one external factor in SWOT.
  3. How do strengths contribute to achieving goals?
  4. Why is it important to recognize weaknesses?
  5. Describe an opportunity you would want to pursue.
  6. What impact do threats have on business performance?
  7. How can you turn a weakness into a strength?
  8. What is the first step in goal setting?
  9. How do external factors influence business decisions?
  10. Why should businesses regularly review their goals?

Conclusion:

The teacher circulates the classroom to mark and conduct evaluations, ensuring students grasp the importance of setting simple business goals using SWOT analysis.


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