How to Express Likes and Dislikes Using Verb + To-Infinitive Structure English Grammar JSS 3 First Term Lesson Notes Week 3

Structure: Describing Emotions (Likes and Dislikes) – Verb + to-infinitive

Subject: English Grammar
Class: JSS 3
Term: First Term
Week: 3
Age: 13–14 years
Topic: Describing Emotions (Likes and Dislikes) using Verb + to-infinitive
Sub-topic: Expressing Preferences
Duration: 40 minutes

Behavioural Objectives

By the end of this lesson, students should be able to:

1. Identify emotions as positive or negative.
2. Use verbs followed by the to-infinitive to express likes and dislikes.
3. Express preferences using various structures.
4. Create sentences showing likes, dislikes, and preferences.

Keywords

• Emotions
• Likes
• Dislikes
• To-infinitive
• Preference

Set Induction

The teacher will start the lesson by asking students to describe how they feel when they are happy or sad. The teacher will then explain how emotions are linked to preferences and introduce the to-infinitive structure.

Entry Behaviour

Students have basic knowledge of verbs and can recognize emotions.

Learning Resources and Materials

• Whiteboard and markers
• Handouts with example sentences
• Visual aids showing expressions of emotions

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge

Students have discussed emotions before in daily conversations and have learned about expressing feelings using simple verbs. This lesson will build on their knowledge by introducing the to-infinitive form to describe likes and dislikes.

Embedded Core Skills

• Writing
• Speaking
• Critical thinking
• Sentence construction

Learning Materials

• JSS 3 English Grammar textbook
• Lagos State Scheme of Work

Reference Books

• JSS 3 English Grammar textbook
• Lagos State Scheme of Work

Instructional Materials

• Whiteboard and markers
• Sentence strips with examples

Content

Describing Emotions Using Likes and Dislikes (Verb + to-infinitive)

We all experience different emotions. Some make us feel good, like happiness, excitement, and love. Others make us feel bad, like sadness, anger, or fear. We can express how we feel about these emotions by using verbs followed by the to-infinitive.

Here are some common ways we describe likes and dislikes using the to-infinitive:

• I would like to have a cup of tea.
• She hates to read late at night.
• He loves to drive fast cars.
• I hope to be there soon.

Expressing Preference

We can also use the following structures to express preferences:

1. Using ‘prefer’
   • I prefer to drink coffee rather than drink tea.
   • I prefer coffee to tea.
2. Using ‘would rather’
   • I would rather eat fruits than sweets.
3. Using ‘instead of’
   • I prefer to walk instead of taking the bus.

Examples:

• I prefer riding bikes to walking.
• I prefer to study early in the morning rather than late at night.
• Rather than play video games, I prefer to read books.

15 Fill-in-the-Blank Questions

1. I would like __ a new bicycle.
   a. to buy
   b. buying
   c. bought
   d. buys
2. He loves __ big cars.
   a. drive
   b. to drive
   c. driving
   d. drove
3. She hates __ vegetables.
   a. to eat
   b. eat
   c. eating
   d. ate
4. I hope __ the party tomorrow.
   a. attend
   b. attending
   c. to attend
   d. attends
5. They prefer __ football to tennis.
   a. play
   b. playing
   c. to play
   d. played
6. I would rather __ tea than coffee.
   a. drinking
   b. drinks
   c. drink
   d. to drink
7. She prefers __ at home rather than going out.
   a. stay
   b. to stay
   c. staying
   d. stays
8. Rather than __ the bus, he walked to school.
   a. take
   b. took
   c. takes
   d. taking
9. We prefer __ the exam early.
   a. start
   b. starting
   c. to start
   d. starts
10. I would like __ to the concert tonight.
    a. go
    b. going
    c. to go
    d. went
11. She would rather __ in the library than talk to friends.
    a. read
    b. reading
    c. to read
    d. reads
12. He prefers __ at the weekend.
    a. relax
    b. to relax
    c. relaxing
    d. relaxed
13. We hope __ the match soon.
    a. play
    b. to play
    c. playing
    d. plays
14. Rather than __ sweets, I prefer to eat fruits.
    a. eating
    b. to eat
    c. eats
    d. eat
15. I would prefer __ water rather than juice.
    a. drink
    b. drinking
    c. drinks
    d. to drink

15 FAQs with Answers

1. What is the to-infinitive?
   • The to-infinitive is the base form of a verb with ‘to’ before it (e.g., to eat).
2. How do we express likes using the to-infinitive?
   • We use verbs like like, love, prefer, followed by the to-infinitive (e.g., I love to swim).
3. Can we use the to-infinitive to express dislikes?
   • Yes, we can use it with verbs like hate, dislike (e.g., I hate to eat spicy food).
4. What is the difference between ‘prefer’ and ‘would rather’?
   • Prefer is more general, while would rather is used for specific situations.
5. Give an example of expressing preference using ‘would rather’.
   • I would rather play football than watch TV.
6. How do we express preference between two things?
   • We use prefer with to or would rather (e.g., I prefer coffee to tea).
7. What is the structure of ‘would rather’?
   • It is would rather + base form of the verb (e.g., I would rather walk).
8. Can we use the to-infinitive after ‘would rather’?
   • No, we use the base form of the verb after would rather (e.g., I would rather run).
9. What does ‘instead of’ mean?
   • Instead of shows a preference to do something else (e.g., I went to bed instead of watching TV).
10. Is ‘prefer’ used only with the to-infinitive?
    • No, prefer can also be used with a noun or gerund (e.g., I prefer reading to writing).
11. Can ‘prefer’ and ‘would rather’ be used interchangeably?
    • Yes, but would rather is usually more specific or immediate.
12. What does ‘rather than’ mean?
    • It expresses a preference for one thing over another (e.g., I prefer coffee rather than tea).
13. How do we use ‘would prefer’?
    • It is followed by the to-infinitive (e.g., I would prefer to stay home).
14. Can we use ‘prefer’ without to-infinitive?
    • Yes, prefer can be used with a gerund (e.g., I prefer running).
15. Give an example of using ‘would prefer’ to express a choice.
    • I would prefer to eat at home tonight.

Presentation

Step 1: The teacher writes example sentences on the board and explains how to use the to-infinitive with likes and dislikes.
Step 2: The teacher introduces how to express preferences using prefer, would rather, and instead of.
Step 3: The students create their own sentences using these structures.

Teacher’s Activities

• Provide examples of to-infinitive in likes and dislikes.
• Guide students in creating sentences to express preferences.
• Correct students’ errors during class activities.

Learners’ Activities

• Listen and participate in discussions on expressing emotions and preferences.
• Practice forming sentences using to-infinitive.
• Work in pairs to express likes and dislikes using the taught structures.

Assessment

1. Write 5 sentences using the to-infinitive to express likes.
2. Write 3 sentences showing a preference between two activities using would rather.
3. Change the following sentence to use would rather: “I prefer to sleep rather than watch TV.”
4. Complete the sentence: “I would prefer __ ice cream rather than cake.”

Conclusion

The teacher moves around the class, marking students’ work and giving feedback. She then recaps how to use to-infinitive to express emotions and preferences.

Evaluation Questions

1. What is an example of expressing a dislike using the to-infinitive?
2. How do we express preferences using would rather?
3. Change this sentence using prefer: “I would rather eat pizza than pasta.”
4. Give an example of using instead of.
5. What is the structure of would rather?