Understanding Squares and Square Roots Mathematics Primary 5 First Term Lesson Notes Week 12

Mathematics Primary 5 First Term Lesson Notes

Week: 12

Subject: Mathematics

Class: Primary 5

Term: First Term

Age: 10 years

Topic: Squares and Square Roots

Sub-Topics:

1. Squares of Numbers
2. Square Roots
3. Squares of Whole Numbers up to 50
4. Square Roots of Whole Numbers up to 900
5. Real-Life Problems on Squares and Square Roots of Numbers
6. Quantitative Reasoning

Duration: 40 minutes

Behavioural Objectives:

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Find the square of a given whole number greater than 50.
2. Find the square root of a perfect square of a whole number greater than 400.
3. Perform basic operations on squares and square roots of numbers.
4. Find the square root of perfect squares.
5. Solve real-life problems related to squares and square roots.
6. Solve quantitative aptitude problems relating to squares and square roots of whole numbers.

Keywords:

• Square
• Square root
• Perfect square
• Real-life problems
• Quantitative reasoning

Set Induction:
The teacher will introduce the lesson by showing real-life examples where squares and square roots are used, such as calculating the area of a square or determining the side length of a square when the area is known.

Entry Behaviour:
Pupils should have a basic understanding of multiplication and division.

Learning Resources and Materials:

1. Number charts
2. Worksheets for practice
3. Visual aids for squares and square roots
4. Whiteboard and markers

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge: The teacher will review the concept of multiplication and introduce the idea that squaring a number is multiplying it by itself.

Embedded Core Skills:

• Problem-solving
• Analytical thinking
• Application of mathematical operations

Learning Materials:

1. Number charts
2. Practice worksheets
3. Visual aids

Reference Books:
Lagos State Scheme of Work, Primary 5 Mathematics Textbook

Instructional Materials:

1. Number charts
2. Worksheets
3. Whiteboard and markers

Content:

1. Squares of Numbers
   • Definition of a square of a number.
   • Finding the square of whole numbers, especially those greater than 50.
   • Examples and practice problems.
2. Square Roots
   • Definition of a square root.
   • Finding the square root of perfect squares, especially those greater than 400.
   • Examples and practice problems.
3. Squares of Whole Numbers up to 50
   • Listing the squares of whole numbers from 1 to 50.
   • Understanding the pattern in squares of numbers.
   • Examples and practice problems.
4. Square Roots of Whole Numbers up to 900
   • Finding the square roots of whole numbers up to 900.
   • Practice with perfect squares such as 25, 100, 225, 400, 625, and 900.
   • Examples and practice problems.
5. Real-Life Problems on Squares and Square Roots of Numbers
   • Applying squares and square roots to solve real-life problems, such as in architecture and engineering.
   • Examples and practice problems.
6. Quantitative Reasoning
   • Solving quantitative aptitude problems related to squares and square roots of whole numbers.
   • Examples and practice problems.

Assessment

1. The square of 12 is __________.
   a) 124
   b) 144
   c) 132
   d) 154
2. The square root of 81 is __________.
   a) 8
   b) 9
   c) 10
   d) 11
3. The square of 7 is __________.
   a) 42
   b) 49
   c) 47
   d) 41
4. The square root of 400 is __________.
   a) 25
   b) 20
   c) 15
   d) 18
5. The square of 15 is __________.
   a) 225
   b) 215
   c) 235
   d) 245
6. The square root of 625 is __________.
   a) 15
   b) 25
   c) 20
   d) 30
7. The square of 8 is __________.
   a) 62
   b) 64
   c) 60
   d) 66
8. The square root of 144 is __________.
   a) 11
   b) 12
   c) 13
   d) 14
9. The square of 25 is __________.
   a) 600
   b) 525
   c) 625
   d) 725
10. The square root of 169 is __________.
    a) 13
    b) 14
    c) 15
    d) 16
11. The square of 11 is __________.
    a) 111
    b) 121
    c) 131
    d) 141
12. The square root of 225 is __________.
    a) 14
    b) 15
    c) 16
    d) 17
13. The square of 9 is __________.
    a) 72
    b) 81
    c) 63
    d) 90
14. The square root of 196 is __________.
    a) 14
    b) 12
    c) 16
    d) 18
15. The square of 20 is __________.
    a) 400
    b) 300
    c) 500
    d) 600

Class Activity Discussion

1. Q: What is a square of a number?
   A: The square of a number is the result of multiplying that number by itself.
2. Q: How do you find the square root of a number?
   A: The square root of a number is the value that, when multiplied by itself, gives the original number.
3. Q: Why are squares and square roots important in real life?
   A: They are used in fields like architecture, engineering, and construction to solve problems related to area, design, and measurements.
4. Q: What is the square of 12?
   A: The square of 12 is 144.
5. Q: What is the square root of 81?
   A: The square root of 81 is 9.
6. Q: How do you solve a problem involving squares and square roots?
   A: Identify whether you need to find the square or square root, then use multiplication or division to solve the problem.
7. Q: What is the square root of 100?
   A: The square root of 100 is 10.
8. Q: How can squares and square roots be used in construction?
   A: They help in calculating areas and ensuring precise measurements in building designs.
9. Q: What is a perfect square?
   A: A perfect square is a number that can be expressed as the square of an integer.
10. Q: How do you find the square of 15?
    A: Multiply 15 by 15 to get 225.
11. Q: What is the square root of 144?
    A: The square root of 144 is 12.
12. Q: Why is it important to learn squares and square roots?
    A: They are fundamental concepts in mathematics, essential for higher-level math and practical applications.
13. Q: What is the square of 25?
    A: The square of 25 is 625.
14. Q: How is the square root of 225 found?
    A: The square root of 225 is found by identifying the number that, when multiplied by itself, equals 225; the answer is 15.
15. Q: What is the importance of understanding square roots in architecture?
    A: Square roots are used to calculate dimensions and areas, ensuring accuracy in blueprints and designs.

Presentation:

Step 1: Review the concept of multiplication, leading to the introduction of squares.

Step 2: Explain and demonstrate finding squares and square roots, especially for numbers greater than 50 and 400 respectively.

Step 3: Solve real-life problems involving squares and square roots.

Teacher’s Activities:

• Demonstrate the process of squaring numbers and finding square roots.
• Provide examples and guide pupils in solving practice problems.
• Encourage pupils to apply these concepts in real-life scenarios, such as architecture and engineering problems.

Learners’ Activities:

• Participate in solving square and square root problems.
• Complete worksheets with square and square root problems.
• Practice quantitative reasoning problems.

Assessment:

1. Find the square of whole numbers greater than 50.
2. Find the square root of perfect squares greater than 400.
3. Solve real-life problems involving squares and square roots.
4. Solve quantitative aptitude problems related to squares and square roots.

Evaluation Questions:

1. What is the square of 45?
2. How do you find the square root of 625?
3. Solve: 52 squared.
4. What is the square root of 784?
5. Find the square of 60.
6. What is the square root of 900?
7. How is the square of a number calculated?
8. Solve a real-life problem involving squares.
9. What is the square of 16?
10. Find the square root of 361.

Conclusion:

The teacher will summarize the lesson, ensuring pupils understand how to find squares and square roots of numbers. Pupils will be encouraged to apply these concepts to solve real-life problems and improve their quantitative reasoning skills.

More Useful Links:

• Addition and Subtraction of Fractions Mathematics Primary 5 First Term Lesson Notes Week 9
• Identification of Odd and Even Numbers, Prime Numbers, LCM, HCF, and Quantitative Reasoning Mathematics Primary 5 First Term Lesson Notes Week 5
• Addition and Subtraction of Large Numbers Mathematics Primary 5 First Term Lesson Notes Week 3