Money : Multiplication and Division of Money Word Problems

SECOND TERM E NOTES FOR PRIMARY 4 MATHEMATICS

SUBJECT: MATHEMATICS

CLASS: BASIC FOUR / / PRIMARY 4

WEEK 9

TOPIC : Multiplication and Division of Money Word Problems 

Behavioural Objectives : 

• Pupils should be able to:
  use whole number to
  multiply money.
• divide money by whole
  number.
• Solve real life problems on
  multiplication and division of
  money. (Online shopping to
  be included)
• Students will be able to understand and perform basic multiplication and division with Nigeria’s currency, the Naira.
• Students will be able to apply their knowledge of multiplication and division to real-life situations involving buying and selling things in departmental stores.

Learning Activities 

• Pupils as individual multiply the money in their pocket by 5 and the first to get it shout his or her result
• Pupils study a supermarket receipt on purchase
  of commodities, identify multiplication activity

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Embedded Core Skills 

• Communication and Collaboration
• Student Leadership skills and Personal Development
• Creativity and Imagination

Learning Resources

• Departmental store receipt
• Whiteboard and markers
• Nigeria’s currency, the Naira (real or play money)
• Handout with practice problems

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CONTENT

Let’s start with multiplication. Multiplication is when we take a number and add it to itself a certain number of times. For example, if we have 3 ₦10 notes, we can find out how much money we have by multiplying 3 by 10, like this:

3 x 10 = 30

So we have ₦30 in total. Here’s another example: If a toy costs ₦50 and you want to buy 2 of them, you can use multiplication to find out how much you need to pay:

2 x 50 = 100

So you need to pay ₦100 in total.

Now let’s talk about division. Division is when we take a number and split it into equal parts. For example, if you have ₦30 and you want to buy 3 pencils that each cost ₦10, you can use division to find out how many pencils you can buy:

30 ÷ 10 = 3

So you can buy 3 pencils with ₦30.

Here’s another example: If you have ₦200 and you want to buy 4 books that each cost ₦50, you can use division to find out how many books you can buy:

200 ÷ 50 = 4

So you can buy 4 books with ₦200

PROBLEM ON MULTIPLICATION OF MONEY

EXAMPLE

Multiplication involving money

Examples

1. 65k × 8 = 520k 2. #11.24

= 5 Naira 20 kobo × 6

= #5.20 #67.44

Note: The naira sign has two digits to the right of the decimal point in these examples.

Exercise 1

Simplify these. Follow the examples.

1. 199k × 6

1. 186k × 8

1. 159k × 4

1. 167k × 7

2. 148k × 13

1. 137k × 21

1. 167k × 18

1. 154k × 19

×

Exercise 2

Find the cost of these items.

1. 5 meters of white poplin at 􀎏320.00 per meter.

2. 20 kg of yam flour at 􀎏150.00 per kg.

3. Taxi fare for 16 people at 􀎏150.00 per person.

4. 9 school chairs at 300 Naira per chair.

5. 8 school uniforms at 􀎏955.00 per uniform.

A man earns 􀎏535.00 a day. How much does he earn in

1. 2 days 7. 6 days 8. 9 days 9. 10 days

A trader sells a packet of rulers for 􀎏625.00 each. How much money does he receive if he sells

1. 3 packets of rulers 11. 5 packets of rulers

2. 8 packets of rulers 13. 10 packets of rulers

Find the cost of 3 books at N91.55 each.

Solution

N91. 55

× 3

N274.65

EXERCISE

1. N5.52 x 4
2. N4.75 x 6
3. N4.75 x 6
4. N5.91 x 8
5. N12.37 x 6
6. A bag of salt costs N585.40. how much will I pay for 5 bags?
7. What is the cost of 6 meters of while poplin at N212. 85 per meter?
8. Find the cost of 7 chairs if one chair costs N423.50

DIVISION OF MONEY

Firstly, multiplication and division are important because they help us figure out how much money we need to buy something or how much change we should get back. Imagine you want to buy a shirt that costs ₦200 and you have ₦1000. You can use multiplication to figure out how many shirts you can buy:

1000 ÷ 200 = 5

So you can buy 5 shirts with ₦1000.

Secondly, multiplication and division are important because they help us compare prices of items. If you want to buy a toy and you see two different stores selling it for ₦100 and ₦150, you can use division to find out which one is cheaper:

100 ÷ 1 = 100 150 ÷ 1.5 = 100

So you can see that the first store is selling the toy for ₦100, which is cheaper than the second store that is selling it for ₦150.

Finally, multiplication and division are important because they help us budget and manage our money. If you know how much money you have and how much things cost, you can use multiplication and division to plan how much you can spend and how much change you should get back.

For example, if you have ₦500 and you need to buy food that costs ₦100 per meal, you can use division to figure out how many meals you can buy:

500 ÷ 100 = 5

So you can buy 5 meals with ₦500

EXERCISES

1. Divide N1.68 by 4
2. Divide N2.25 by 9
3. Divide N44.80 by 8
4. Divide N11.76 by 7
5. 610k by 5
6. Five boys are to share N615.55 equally. How much will each receive?

Evaluation

1. If you have 3 ₦50 notes, how much money do you have in total? a) ₦5 b) ₦15 c) ₦30 d) ₦150
2. If a toy costs ₦80 and you want to buy 4 of them, how much money do you need to pay in total? a) ₦12 b) ₦20 c) ₦80 d) ₦320
3. If you have ₦500 and you want to buy 5 notebooks that each cost ₦50, how much money will you have left after the purchase? a) ₦250 b) ₦200 c) ₦150 d) ₦100
4. If you have ₦200 and you want to buy 4 pencils that each cost ₦25, how much money will you have left after the purchase? a) ₦50 b) ₦75 c) ₦100 d) ₦125
5. If you have ₦1000 and you want to buy a toy that costs ₦200, how many toys can you buy? a) 2 b) 5 c) 10 d) 20
6. If you have ₦1000 and you want to buy 5 books that each cost ₦150, how much money do you need to pay in total? a) ₦25 b) ₦150 c) ₦500 d) ₦750
7. If you have ₦100 and you want to buy a candy that costs ₦5, how many candies can you buy? a) 5 b) 10 c) 15 d) 20
8. If you have ₦500 and you want to buy 3 toys that each cost ₦100, how much money will you have left after the purchase? a) ₦100 b) ₦200 c) ₦300 d) ₦400
9. If you have ₦100 and you want to buy a pencil that costs ₦10, how much money will you have left after the purchase? a) ₦5 b) ₦10 c) ₦15 d) ₦90
10. If you have ₦500 and you want to buy 4 shirts that each cost ₦125, how much money do you need to pay in total? a) ₦250 b) ₦400 c) ₦500 d) ₦1000

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Lesson Presentation

Introduction (5 minutes):

1. Ask students if they know what multiplication and division are.
2. Explain that multiplication is when we take a number and add it to itself a certain number of times, and division is when we split a number into equal parts.
3. Ask students if they know Nigeria’s currency, the Naira, and explain that we will be using it to practice multiplication and division in this lesson.

Direct Instruction (10 minutes):

1. Show examples of Nigeria’s currency, the Naira, and explain the different denominations.
2. Demonstrate how to use multiplication and division with Naira by using examples of buying and selling things in departmental stores.
3. Ask students to follow along and solve the problems on their own.

Guided Practice (10 minutes):

1. Hand out a worksheet with practice problems for students to complete.
2. Monitor students as they work and offer assistance as needed.
3. Review the answers as a class and clarify any misconceptions.

Independent Practice (10 minutes):

1. Have students work in pairs or small groups to come up with their own buying and selling scenarios using Nigeria’s currency, the Naira.
2. Have each group share their scenario and how they used multiplication and division to solve it.

Closure (5 minutes):

1. Ask students to share one thing they learned from the lesson.
2. Review the importance of multiplication and division when buying and selling things in departmental stores using Nigeria’s currency, the Naira.
3. Remind students that they can use these skills in their daily lives.

Assessment:

• Observations during the lesson
• Completed worksheet

Extension:

• Have students create a budget for a week using Nigeria’s currency, the Naira, and include buying and selling scenarios using multiplication and division.

Weekly Assessment /Test 

1. If you have 4 ₦50 notes, how much money do you have in total? _____
2. If a book costs ₦100 and you want to buy 2 of them, how much money do you need to pay in total? _____
3. If you have ₦500 and you want to buy 5 pencils that each cost ₦20, how much money will you have left after the purchase? _____
4. If you have ₦200 and you want to buy 2 shirts that each cost ₦75, how much money will you have left after the purchase? _____
5. If you have ₦1000 and you want to buy a toy that costs ₦250, how many toys can you buy? _____
6. If you have ₦500 and you want to buy 2 books that each cost ₦200, how much money will you have left after the purchase? _____
7. If you have ₦100 and you want to buy a candy that costs ₦10, how many candies can you buy? _____
8. If you have ₦500 and you want to buy 3 toys that each cost ₦100, how much money will you have left after the purchase? _____
9. If you have ₦200 and you want to buy a pencil that costs ₦15, how much money will you have left after the purchase? _____
10. If you have ₦1000 and you want to buy 4 shirts that each cost ₦250, how much money do you need to pay in total? _____