EXTERNAL REACTION TO APARTHEID 

SUBJECT:

HISTORY

CLASS:

SS 3

TERM:

SECOND TERM

WEEK:

WEEK 10

TOPIC:

EXTERNAL REACTION TO APARTHEID

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PREVIOUS LESSON:

APARTHEID LEGISLATION AND THE SUPPRESSION OF AFRICAN NATIONALIST MOVEMENT

 

OBJECTIVES

Objectives:

  • To understand the various ways in which countries and individuals outside of South Africa responded to apartheid
  • To examine the impact of international pressure on the South African government’s policies
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of external reactions to apartheid

Materials:

  • PowerPoint presentation
  • Handouts
  • Video clips
  • Whiteboard and markers

 

 

 

 

CONTENT

External reactions to apartheid refer to the responses and actions taken by individuals, groups, and countries outside of South Africa in response to the system of racial segregation and discrimination in South Africa.

Here are some examples of external reactions to apartheid:

  1. Economic sanctions: Several countries, including the United States and the United Kingdom, imposed economic sanctions on South Africa, which limited trade and investment. This was a way to pressure the South African government to end apartheid.
  2. Sporting boycotts: South Africa was banned from participating in international sports events due to apartheid. This included the Olympic Games, which South Africa was barred from participating in from 1964 to 1988.
  3. Diplomatic pressure: Many countries, including the United States and the United Kingdom, severed diplomatic ties with South Africa and expelled South African ambassadors. This was a way to show disapproval of apartheid and put pressure on the South African government to change its policies.
  4. International condemnation: The United Nations condemned apartheid, and the International Court of Justice declared that apartheid was a crime against humanity.
  5. Cultural boycotts: Many artists and musicians refused to perform in South Africa, as a way of protesting apartheid. This included famous musicians such as Paul Simon, who refused to perform in South Africa during the 1980s.
  6. Support for anti-apartheid movements: Many individuals and groups outside of South Africa supported the African National Congress (ANC) and other anti-apartheid movements. This included protests, rallies, and fundraising events.

These external reactions to apartheid played a significant role in putting pressure on the South African government to end apartheid. Without this external pressure, the struggle against apartheid may have taken much longer and been much more difficult

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Evaluation

  1. Which of the following countries imposed economic sanctions on South Africa during apartheid? A) Germany B) United States C) Japan D) China
  2. What was the purpose of sporting boycotts against South Africa during apartheid? A) To encourage South Africa to increase its participation in international sports events B) To limit South Africa’s ability to generate revenue from sports C) To support South Africa’s government D) To promote positive relationships between countries
  3. What is a diplomatic pressure that countries can exert against other countries? A) Economic sanctions B) Cultural boycotts C) Sporting boycotts D) Expelling ambassadors
  4. What did the International Court of Justice declare apartheid to be? A) A war crime B) A crime against humanity C) A political ideology D) A form of democracy
  5. Which famous musician refused to perform in South Africa during the 1980s? A) Bob Dylan B) Paul Simon C) Mick Jagger D) Elton John
  6. What was the purpose of cultural boycotts against South Africa during apartheid? A) To promote cultural exchange between countries B) To protest apartheid through artistic means C) To limit the availability of South African art and music abroad D) To encourage South African artists to perform abroad
  7. Which anti-apartheid movement did many individuals and groups outside of South Africa support? A) African National Congress (ANC) B) Inkatha Freedom Party C) National Party D) Democratic Alliance
  8. Which country expelled South African ambassadors during apartheid? A) United States B) United Kingdom C) France D) Russia
  9. What was the main purpose of international condemnation of apartheid? A) To encourage South Africa to strengthen its commitment to apartheid B) To establish positive relationships between countries C) To put pressure on the South African government to end apartheid D) To promote trade between countries
  10. Which country hosted the historic Rivonia Trial in 1963, which led to the imprisonment of several anti-apartheid activists, including Nelson Mandela? A) South Africa B) United States C) United Kingdom D) Mozambique

Lesson Presentation

Procedure:

I. Introduction (10 minutes)

  • Greet students and introduce the topic
  • Share the objectives of the lesson
  • Provide a brief overview of the history of apartheid in South Africa

II. Presentation (30 minutes)

  • Use the PowerPoint presentation to explain the various external reactions to apartheid, including economic sanctions, sporting boycotts, diplomatic pressure, international condemnation, cultural boycotts, and support for anti-apartheid movements
  • Use video clips and images to illustrate the impact of these reactions on the South African government and society
  • Encourage students to ask questions and participate in class discussion

III. Activity (15 minutes)

  • Distribute handouts with questions for students to answer about the effectiveness of external reactions to apartheid
  • Students can work in pairs or small groups to complete the activity
  • Encourage discussion and debate

IV. Conclusion (5 minutes)

  • Recap the key points of the lesson
  • Emphasize the importance of understanding the history of external reactions to apartheid in South Africa and its effects on society today
  • Encourage students to continue learning about the topic

Assessment:

  • Students will be assessed based on their participation in class discussion, completion of the handout activity, and engagement in the lesson as a whole.

Homework:

  • Assign a reading or research assignment on the topic of external reactions to apartheid, with a focus on the impact of international pressure on the end of apartheid in South Africa

Weekly Assessment /Test 

  1. What is external reaction to apartheid?
  2. What were economic sanctions and how did they affect South Africa?
  3. What was the purpose of sporting boycotts against South Africa during apartheid?
  4. What is diplomatic pressure and how was it used against South Africa?
  5. What did the International Court of Justice declare apartheid to be?
  6. What was the purpose of cultural boycotts against South Africa during apartheid?
  7. Which anti-apartheid movement did many individuals and groups outside of South Africa support?
  8. Which country expelled South African ambassadors during apartheid?
  9. What was the impact of international condemnation of apartheid?
  10. How did external reactions to apartheid contribute to the end of apartheid in South Africa

 

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