Meaning of Elements and Their arrangement on the period table

 

Subject:  Basic Science

 

Class: Basic 6 / Primary 6 / Year 6

 

Term: Second  Term

 

Week: Week 8

 

Topic  :

First Ten Elements of the Period Table and their symbols

 

 

Previous Knowledge: The pupils have previous knowledge of

 

The earth in space.

 

that was taught in their previous lesson.

 

 

Behavioural  Objectives : At the end of the lesson, learners will be able to

 

1. Explain the meaning of atom
2. Define an element
3. List the first ten elements on the period table with their symbols

 

 

 

Instructional Materials 

• Wall charts
• Pictures
• Online Resource
• Textbooks

 

Methods of Teaching 

• Role modelling
• Questions and Answers
• Explanation
• Discussion
• Recitation
• Imitation
• Story Telling
• Dramatization

 

Content: 

Meaning of an Element

The elements are arranged on the periodic table according to their atomic number, which is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of that element. Elements with similar properties are usually placed in the same column, or group, on the periodic table. This is because elements in the same group tend to have similar chemical properties and reactivity due to having the same number of valence electrons in their outermost energy level. Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom and are involved in chemical reactions.

Elements in the same row, or period, on the periodic table also have similar properties, but to a lesser extent than elements in the same group. This is because elements in the same period have the same number of electron shells, but the number of valence electrons increases as you move from left to right across the periodic table.

 

 

The first ten elements on the period table and their symbols

1. Hydrogen (H)
2. Helium (He)
3. Lithium (Li)
4. Beryllium (Be)
5. Boron (B)
6. Carbon (C)
7. Nitrogen (N)
8. Oxygen (O)
9. Fluorine (F)
10. Neon (Ne)

Evaluation

1. What is the symbol for the first element on the periodic table? a) H b) He c) Li d) Be
2. What is the symbol for the second element on the periodic table? a) H b) He c) Li d) Be
3. What is the symbol for the third element on the periodic table? a) H b) He c) Li d) Be
4. What is the symbol for the fourth element on the periodic table? a) H b) He c) Li d) Be
5. What is the symbol for the fifth element on the periodic table? a) H b) He c) Li d) B
6. What is the symbol for the sixth element on the periodic table? a) C b) N c) O d) F
7. What is the symbol for the seventh element on the periodic table? a) C b) N c) O d) F
8. What is the symbol for the eighth element on the periodic table? a) C b) N c) O d) F
9. What is the symbol for the ninth element on the periodic table? a) C b) N c) O d) F
10. What is the symbol for the tenth element on the periodic table? a) Ne b) Na c) Mg d) Al

 

Answers

1. H
2. He
3. Li
4. Be
5. B
6. C
7. N
8. O
9. F
10. Ne

What is an atom

An atom is the basic unit of matter that makes up all living and non-living things. It is made up of three types of particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. The protons and neutrons are located in the center of the atom, in the nucleus, and the electrons are found in the space around the nucleus.

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom determines the element to which the atom belongs. For example, all atoms of carbon have six protons in their nucleus, while atoms of oxygen have eight protons in their nucleus. The number of neutrons in the nucleus can vary, but the number of protons and neutrons is usually about the same. The number of electrons in an atom is usually equal to the number of protons, and they are arranged in shells around the nucleus.

 

The relationship between an atom and an element

An element is a type of atom, and all atoms of a given element have the same number of protons in their nucleus. The number of protons in an atom’s nucleus determines the element to which the atom belongs. For example, all atoms of carbon have six protons in their nucleus, while atoms of oxygen have eight protons in their nucleus.

Elements are the basic building blocks of matter, and all matter is made up of one or more elements. There are over 100 known elements, and each element is characterized by its atomic number, which is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of that element. Elements are usually identified by their symbol, which is a one- or two-letter abbreviation for the element’s name.

 

Objective Questions 

1. What is the basic unit of matter that makes up all living and non-living things? a) An element b) A molecule c) An atom d) A compound
2. What are the three types of particles that make up an atom? a) Protons, neutrons, and electrons b) Protons, neutrons, and photons c) Neutrons, electrons, and photons d) Protons, electrons, and photons
3. What determines the element to which an atom belongs? a) The number of protons in the nucleus b) The number of neutrons in the nucleus c) The number of electrons in the outermost energy level d) The mass of the atom
4. How many known elements are there? a) Over 100 b) Over 50 c) Over 25 d) Over 10
5. What is the atomic number of an element? a) The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of that element b) The number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom of that element c) The number of electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom of that element d) The mass of an atom of that element
6. What is the atomic number of an element? a) The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of that element b) The number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom of that element c) The number of electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom of that element d) The mass of an atom of that element
7. What is the symbol for an element? a) A one- or two-letter abbreviation for the element’s name b) The element’s atomic number c) The element’s atomic mass d) The element’s atomic radius
8. What is the relationship between atoms and elements? a) Atoms are the basic building blocks of elements b) Elements are the basic building blocks of atoms c) Atoms and elements are the same thing d) Atoms and elements have no relationship
9. What is the relationship between the number of protons in an atom’s nucleus and the element to which the atom belongs? a) The number of protons in the nucleus determines the element to which the atom belongs b) The number of protons in the nucleus has no relationship to the element to which the atom belongs c) The number of protons in the nucleus is the same for all elements d) The number of protons in the nucleus is different for all elements
10. What is the relationship between the arrangement of electrons in an atom and the element to which the atom belongs? a) The arrangement of electrons is the same for all elements b) The arrangement of electrons is different for all elements c) The arrangement of electrons has no relationship to the element to which the atom belongs d) The arrangement of electrons determines the element to which the atom belongs

 

 

Presentation : The topic is presented step by step

Entry Behaviour

• Ask students if they know what an atom is and what an element is. Write their answers on the board.
• Review the definition of an atom as the basic unit of matter that makes up all living and non-living things.

Step 1

• Introduce the concept of elements as the basic building blocks of matter.
• Explain that all matter is made up of one or more elements, and each element is characterized by its atomic number, which is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of that element.
• Show the periodic table and point out the symbols for different elements.
• Explain that atoms of a given element have the same number of protons in their nucleus, and that the number of protons determines the element to which the atom belongs.
• Review the definition of a proton as a positively charged particle found in the nucleus of an atom.

Step 2

• Have students identify the elements on the periodic table and write their symbols on a worksheet.
• As a class, go through the worksheet and check for understanding.

Step 3

• Have students complete a worksheet with questions about the relationship between atoms and elements, such as matching symbols to element names or identifying the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of a given element.

Evaluation :

• Review the key points of the lesson: atoms are the basic unit of matter, elements are the basic building blocks of matter, and the number of protons in the nucleus determines the element to which an atom belongs.
• Ask students to share one thing they learned about the relationship between atoms and elements.

Assessment:

• Observe students during independent practice to assess their understanding of the material.
• Collect and grade the completed worksheets.

Class Teacher and Pupils Activities. Interaction or Participation 

This involves class teacher and pupils’ interaction, conversation, imitation or modeling through discussion, play method or just by recitation or asking and answering questions that are related to the topic that has just been taught

 

Conclusion 

In conclusion the class teacher or subject teacher gives out a short note on the board and he or she goes round to make. The teacher does the necessary corrections