PRINCIPLES OF PERSPECTIVE

TYPES OF PERSPECTIVE

Subject: 

Cultural And Creative Arts

Term:

FIRST TERM

Week:

WEEK 8

Class:

JSS 3 / BASIC 9

Topic:

PRINCIPLES OF PERSPECTIVE

 

Previous lesson: 

The pupils have previous knowledge of

Techniques of life drawing, study the model, study form and shapes, measuring, composition of figure on paper proportion.

that was taught as a topic in the previous lesson

 

Behavioural objectives:

At the end of the lesson, the learners will be able to

• say the meaning of principles of perspective
• mention various types of perspective
• explain commonly used terms in perspective

 

Instructional Materials:

• Wall charts
• Pictures
• Related Online Video
• Flash Cards

 

 

Methods of Teaching:

• Class Discussion
• Group Discussion
• Asking Questions
• Explanation
• Role Modelling
• Role Delegation

 

Reference Materials:

• Scheme of Work
• Online Information
• Textbooks
• Workbooks
• 9 Year Basic Education Curriculum
• Workbooks

 

Content:

WEEK 8

Topic: DRAWING AND PAINTING (landscape and imaginative composition)

CONTENT: 1.   Perspective

2. Types of perspective

Sub-Topic 1: PERSPECTIVE

Perspective is a science of vision by which the artist can create the appearance of depth and distance on a two-dimensional flat surface.

It is the technique that artists use to depict object as they appear to the eye of an observer rather than the way they really are in physical.

It is also a means by which the artist can transfer a three- dimensional object on to a two-dimensional plane or surface.

PRINCIPLES OF PERSPECTIVE:

There are some principles guiding perspective. They are as follows:

(1)All parallel lines converge at the line on the horizon.

(2)All parallel lines seems to vanish at horizon line.

(3)Lines above the eye level move up as they recede.

(4)Equal distance between objects appears closer as the object recedes from the observer.

(5)Objects of the same size appear smaller and less vivid as they get farther away.

(6)Colours and tones of objects are less brilliant as they move farther away.

(7)The foreground near the observer is rendered in bright tone.

TYPES OF PERSPECTIVE

There are two major types of perspective namely:

1 Linear perspective

2 Aerial perspective

LINEAR PESPECTIVE: – as the name suggests linear perspective deals with lines and forms of objects as they appear to the eye. As objects recedes from the observer into the distance they appear to be diminish in size. In linear perspective, distance affects sizes and appearance of objects. For example, an air plane in the sky is far smaller than the same size of plane parked at the airport.

There are two major forms of linear perspective: (a) parallel perspective and (b) angular perspective.

• Parallel Perspective: parallel perspective has only one vanishing point
• Angular Perspective has two vanishing points (one to the extreme left and the other to the right). It is angular perspective because the angle is closer to the viewer

 

 

 

COMMON TERMS USED IN PERSPECTIVE:

1. Vanishing point is a point where all receding lines appear to meet
2. Picture plane is a surface upon which the picture are created, eg paper or canvas
3. Horizon or eye level is an imaginary line that separates the foreground from the sky. The vanishing point is located at any point on the horizon.
4. Line of vision is a straight line connecting the eye to the object. The line perpendicular to the eye object.
5. Angle or cone of vision refers to the extent that the eye can see. It forms an angle of 60˚

                            

LESSON TWO:

PRCTICAL: Students should be taken to a scene in the school compound to draw.

EVALUATION

1. What is perspective?
2. Sate two principles of perspective
3. Mention and explain two types of perspective.

 

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

1. The application of perspective in landscape creates an appearance of ____ and ____ on a surface. (a) depth and distance (b) depth and beauty (c) depth and texture (d) depth and space (e)depth and line .
2. Parallel perspective in the real sense of it has_____

(a)one vanishing point (b)two vanishing points (c)four vanishing points (d)three vanishing points (e)five vanishing points.

3.________is a science of vision by which the artist can create the appearance of depth and distance on a two-dimensional flat surface.

(a)Design (b) perspective (c) Drawing (d) Glaze (e) textile

4. The type of perspective with two varnishing points is known as ____

(a) picture plane (b) angular (c) horizon (d) line of vision (e) station point

5. Aerial perspective could be achieved with the use of______ (a) colour (b)line (c)texture (d) station point (e) vanishing point.

 

 

Presentation

 

The topic is presented step by step

 

Step 1:

The class teacher revises the previous topics

 

Step 2.

He introduces the new topic

 

Step 3:

The class teacher allows the pupils to give their own examples and he corrects them when the needs arise

 

 

 

Conclusion

The class teacher wraps up or concludes the lesson by giving out short notes to summarize the topic that he or she has just taught.

The class teacher also goes round to make sure that the notes are well copied or well written by the pupils.

He or she does the necessary corrections when and where the needs arise.