Revision Agricultural Science Primary 5 Second Term Lesson Notes Week 11
Explore how weeds, pests, and diseases affect farming in this Primary 5 Agricultural Science lesson. Discover ways to identify, control, and prevent them for a successful harvest.
Subject: Agricultural Science
Class: Primary 5
Term: Second Term
Week: 11
Topic: Understanding Weeds, Pests, and Diseases in Farming
Sub-topic: Identifying Weeds, Effects of Weeds, Control of Weeds, Pests and Diseases of Crops, Classification of Pests, Damages caused by Pests, Control of Pests
Duration: 45 minutes
Behavioural Objectives:
- Students will be able to define what weeds are and explain their effects on crops.
- Students will understand methods for controlling weeds and pests on farms.
- Students will classify pests and describe the damages they cause to crops.
- Students will identify strategies for controlling pests on farms.
Key Words: Weeds, Pests, Diseases, Control, Classification, Damage
Entry Behaviour: Students should be able to recall basic information about plants and farming from previous lessons.
Learning Resources and Materials:
- Lagos State Scheme of Work for Primary 5 Agricultural Science
- Pictures of common weeds and pests
- Samples of weed control tools (e.g., hoes, herbicides)
- Charts illustrating classification of pests
- Examples of crops damaged by pests
Building Background /Connection to Prior Knowledge:
- Recap previous lessons on plant growth and farming techniques.
- Discuss with students their experiences with weeds and pests in their community or family farms.
Embedded Core Skills: Observation, Classification, Problem Solving, Communication
Learning Materials:
- Worksheets on identifying weeds and pests
- Graphic organizers for classifying pests
Reference Books:
- “Agricultural Science for Primary Schools” by Lagos State Ministry of Education
- “Weeds and Pests in Farming” by Agricultural Research Institute
Instructional Materials:
- Whiteboard and markers
- Visual aids (charts, pictures)
- Handouts for students
Content:
Agricultural Science Revision: Second Term
- Weeds:
- Weeds are unwanted plants that grow where they are not needed, like in farms or gardens.
- Example: Grasses like spear grass and broadleaf plants like pigweed.
- Effects of Weeds to farmers:
- Weeds compete with crops for nutrients, water, and sunlight, which can make crops grow poorly.
- Example: Weeds can reduce the yield of crops like maize and vegetables.
- Control of Weeds:
- Farmers can control weeds by hand weeding, using tools like hoes, or by using herbicides (weed killers).
- Example: Farmers can pull out weeds by hand from their farms.
- Benefits of Weeds:
- Some weeds can be helpful as food for animals or for medicinal purposes.
- Example: Some farmers use weeds like wild sunflower as fodder for their animals.
- Pests and Diseases of Crops:
- Pests are insects, rodents, or other animals that harm crops, while diseases are caused by bacteria, fungi, or viruses.
- Example: Aphids are pests that suck sap from plants, while fungal diseases like powdery mildew can damage leaves.
- Classification of Pests:
- Pests can be classified into three groups: insects, rodents, and other animals.
- Example: Insects like locusts and rodents like rats are common crop pests.
- Damages caused by Pests:
- Pests can eat crops, damage fruits, and spread diseases, leading to reduced crop yields.
- Example: Caterpillars can eat the leaves of maize plants, causing them to die.
- Control of Pests:
- Farmers can control pests by using traps, pesticides, or natural enemies like ladybugs.
- Example: Farmers can use insecticides to kill pests like caterpillars on their crops.
Remember, understanding these topics will help you become better farmers and take care of your crops! 🌱🚜
Class Activity Discussion :
- What are weeds?
- Weeds are plants that grow where they’re not wanted, like in farms or gardens.
- Why are weeds bad for farmers?
- Weeds can compete with crops for nutrients, water, and sunlight, making it hard for crops to grow well.
- How can farmers control weeds?
- Farmers can control weeds by pulling them out by hand or using tools like hoes. They can also use weed killers called herbicides.
- Are all weeds harmful?
- No, some weeds can be helpful. They can be food for animals or used for medicine.
- What are pests and diseases of crops?
- Pests are insects or animals that harm crops, while diseases are caused by bacteria or fungi.
- How can farmers classify pests?
- Farmers classify pests into groups like insects, rodents, and other animals.
- What damages can pests cause to crops?
- Pests can eat crops, damage fruits, and spread diseases, which can make crops not grow well.
- What can farmers do to control pests?
- Farmers can use traps, pesticides, or natural enemies like ladybugs to control pests.
- Can pests be helpful sometimes?
- No, pests are usually harmful to crops, but some insects can also be helpful for the environment.
- Why is it important for farmers to learn about weeds and pests?
- It’s important so farmers can take care of their crops better and have a good harvest.
Objective Questions:
- Weeds are __________ plants that grow where they’re not wanted.
- a) helpful
- b) small
- c) unwanted
- d) colorful
- Weeds can compete with crops for __________, water, and sunlight.
- a) toys
- b) nutrients
- c) books
- d) clothes
- Farmers can control weeds by pulling them out by __________.
- a) hand
- b) foot
- c) nose
- d) ear
- Pests are insects or animals that harm __________.
- a) crops
- b) flowers
- c) clouds
- d) trees
- Diseases of crops are caused by __________.
- a) bacteria or fungi
- b) birds or snakes
- c) rocks or sticks
- d) wind or rain
- Farmers classify pests into groups like __________.
- a) insects, rodents, and other animals
- b) fruits, vegetables, and grains
- c) birds, fish, and insects
- d) flowers, trees, and shrubs
- Pests can eat crops, damage __________, and spread diseases.
- a) fruits
- b) clouds
- c) shoes
- d) books
- Farmers can use traps, pesticides, or natural enemies like __________ to control pests.
- a) ladybugs
- b) butterflies
- c) ants
- d) spiders
- Weeds can sometimes be helpful as food for __________.
- a) animals
- b) clouds
- c) rocks
- d) toys
- Weeds can also be used for __________ purposes.
- a) medicinal
- b) musical
- c) magical
- d) mechanical
Theory Questions:
- What are weeds?
- How do weeds affect crops?
- Name one way farmers can control weeds.
- What are pests and diseases of crops?
- How can farmers control pests?
Presentation:
- Step 1: Revision of Previous Topic
- The teacher revises the previous topic which was “Understanding Soil Types and Crop Growth.”
- Briefly discuss the importance of soil types in farming.
- Step 2: Introduction of New Topic
- The teacher introduces the new topic “Understanding Weeds, Pests, and Diseases in Farming.”
- Define what weeds are and explain their effects on crops.
- Step 3: Student Contributions and Corrections
- The teacher allows students to share their experiences with weeds and pests on farms.
- Correct any misconceptions and reinforce key concepts.
Teacher’s Activities:
- Present definitions and explanations clearly.
- Use visual aids to illustrate key points.
- Encourage student participation and questions.
- Provide guidance during group activities.
Learners’ Activities:
- Listen attentively to the teacher.
- Participate in discussions and activities.
- Ask questions to clarify understanding.
- Work collaboratively with classmates.
Assessment:
- Observation of students’ participation and understanding during class activities.
- Review of completed worksheets and graphic organizers.
Evaluation Questions:
- What are weeds?
- How do weeds affect crops?
- Name two methods for controlling weeds on farms.
- What are pests and diseases of crops?
- How can farmers classify pests?
- Give an example of a crop damaged by pests.
- What are three ways to control pests on farms?
- Can weeds be helpful sometimes? Explain.
- Why is it important for farmers to learn about weeds and pests?
- How do you think farmers can prevent pest infestations on their crops?
Conclusion:
- The teacher goes around to assess and provide feedback on students’ understanding of the topic.
- Reinforce the importance of weed and pest control in farming for a successful
