DEFINITION OF ACCIDENTS

Subject : BASIC TECHNOLOGY

 

Term : FIRST TERM

 

Week: Week 3

 

Class : JSS1

 

 

Previous lesson : 

The pupils have previous knowledge of

WORKSHOP SAFETY RULES AND RESOLUTIONS

Topic :

DEFINITION OF ACCIDENTS

Behavioural objectives :

At the end of the lesson, the pupils should be able to say the

• Definition of accident
• Causes of accidents
• Accident prevention
• causes and prevention of fire

Instructional Materials :

• Wall charts
• Pictures
• Related Online Video
• Flash Cards

Methods of Teaching :

• Class Discussion
• Group Discussion
• Asking Questions
• Explanation
• Role Modelling
• Role Delegation

 

Reference Materials :

• Scheme of Work
• Online Information
• Textbooks
• Workbooks
• 9 Year Basic Education Curriculum
• Workbooks

 

• TOPIC: WORKSHOP SAFETY (II)- DEFINITION OF ACCIDENTS

  CONTENT

  • Definition of accident
  • Causes of accidents
  • Accident prevention
  • Fire

  DEFINITION OF ACCIDENT

  An accident is an unforeseen turn of events without an apparent cause i.e. a negative experience that happens to somebody when he does not expect it. Accidents can be caused by people and equipment.

  CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS

  Causes of accidents in the workshop can be grouped under two major headings:

  1. Unsafe actions
  2. (ii) unsafe conditions

  Unsafe Actions

  • Lack of concentration
  • horseplay
  • Lack of carefulness in handling the machines
  • Fatigue / tiredness
  • Failure to use safety devices

  Unsafe Conditions

  • Bad/faulty machine
  • Slippery or wet floors
  • Absence of safety devices
  • Non-maintenance of tools
  • Working in the workshop when one is tired or sick.

 

Accidents: Cause and Prevention

An accident is a negative experience that happens to somebody when he does not expect it. Accident is an unforeseen cause of events. Accidents are caused by people and equipment.

Causes of Accidents

Accidents in the workshop are caused when:

1. Students do not follow the manufacturer’s or teacher’s instructions on how to use the machine in the workshop.
2. Students are not careful enough in the workshop while handling the machines.
3. Students engage in horse play in the workshop.
4. The machines being used are not in good form.
5. The worn out parts of machines are not replaced on time.

 

 

Accident Prevention Techniques

Steps to take in preventing accidents are:

1. Routine Checking – This involves checking all machines to ensure that they are in good condition before setting them up for use.
2. Routine Servicing – It involves servicing all machines and changing the worn out parts regularly so that they can work effectively.
3. Students’ Comportment – Students should avoid noise-making and talkativeness in the workshop because this can make them lose concentration on the work they are doing.
4. Preventive Measures – Electronic equipment should be used with voltage stabilizers in order to prevent electrical fire as a result of power surge.
5. Teachers’ supervision – To prevent workshop accidents, every workshop lesson or practical session should be supervised by the teacher. Students should not be left alone in the workshop.

It is wiser to prevent an accident from happening than to cure the harm done after the accident. The protective safety devices include gloves to protect the palms and the fingers, the shield or goggle to protect the eyes, boots to protect the legs, the feet and toes, the helmet to protect the head and the overall to protect the chest.

 

ACCIDENT PREVENTION

Accidents in the workshop can be prevented by observing the following rules:

• Keep workshop clean and tidy
• No horse play
• Dress safely for work
• Work safely with hand tools
• Work safely with machines
• Work safely electrical tools, machines and appliances
• Work safely with hot materials
• Always be very careful.

TYPES OF FIRE

There are two types of fire which can occur in a workshop. These are

1. Electrical fire
2. Chemical fire

ELECTRICAL FIRE

An electrical fire may result due to the following:

• Sparks due to short circuit or partial contact
• Poor wiring
• Wrong electrical connections
• Overloading
• Not switching off electrical appliance after use.

Electrical fire is fought with fire extinguisher, water and dry sand.

CHEMICAL FIRE

A chemical fire is caused by chemical substances used or stored in the workshop. Examples of chemical substances are gas, oil and grease.

Chemical fire is fought with foam, dry sand or gas from a fire extinguisher. Never use water to put out fire caused by chemicals.

 

Presentation

 

The topic is presented step by step

 

Step 1:

The class teacher revises the previous topics

 

Step 2.

He introduces the new topic

 

Step 3:

The class teacher allows the pupils to give their own examples and he corrects them when the needs arise

 

 

Conclusion

The lesson is concluded when the class teacher wraps up the lesson by giving the pupils some notes.

The class teacher also goes round to make sure that the notes are well copied or well written by the pupils.

He or she does the necessary corrections when and where  the needs arise.

 

EVALUATION

1. What is safety precaution?
2. Define an accident
3. Explain two steps of preventing accident.
4. State two safety rules for bench worker.
5. Name two protective safety devices.
6. What is an accident?
7. State five (5) causes of accidents.

THEORY

• 1. Draw a typical Basic Technology workshop layout.
  2. State five (5) workshop safety precautions.
  3. Mention five (5) workshop safety devices.

 

Objectives:

1) A negative experience that happens to somebody when he does not expect it is —–

a) Prevention b) Accident c) Technique d) Unwanted

2) To prevent accident, somebody needs to do the following except——

a) Follows the makers guide i.e. [code of practice]

b) Wears suitable working materials

c) Runs around inside the workshop

d) Keeps tools in a cupboard after use

3) A machine user should never operate a machine unless he had been properly instructed in its use; true or false

4) The following are the causes of accident except

a) Throwing sharp tools at each other in the workshop

b) Engaging in horse play in the workshop

c) Using a faulty machine and equipments

d) Concentrating on the work at hand

5) When a tool or equipment is faulty, or the working environment constitutes a danger to the users, then the workman would do these except:

a) The workman should continue working

b) The workman should report the case to an expert

c) The workman should stop using or operating in that workshop

d) The workman should find a corrective measure

 

 

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

1. _______ is a place where activities such as fabrication, designing, construction and drawing take place. (a) Factory (b) Hospital (c) Hostel (d) Workshop.

2. ______ means protection from, or not being exposed to the risk of harm or injury (a) Methodology (b) Skill (c) Safety (d) Technology

3. _______is a negative experience that happens to somebody when he does not expect it (a) An accident (b) Disease (c) Fire outbreak (d) Electrical sparking.

4. The following are causes of accidents except (a) using appropriate safety devices (b) Lack of concentration (c) horseplay (d) Lack of carefulness in handling machines

5. _____ are to be used to stop fire from destroying lives (a) Extinguishers and bucket of sand (b) Helmets (c) Boots (d) Goggles

THEORY

1. Draw a typical basic technology workshop layout.

2. State five (5) workshop safety precautions.

3. Mention five (5) workshop safety devices.

 

 

Assignment

Prepare for the next lesson by reading about

 

SAFETY GUIDELINES- ROAD SIGNS