Forms/ Branches of Agriculture (Livestock)
Subject :
Agricultural Science
Topic :
FORMS OF AGRICULTURE
Class :
JSS1 / Basic 7
Term :
Third Term
Week :
WEEK 5
Reference Materials : .
REFERENCE TEXTS:
- Intensive Agricultural Science for J.S.S. 1, 2 & 3 by E. U. Okoro.
- Essentials of Agricultural Science for J.S.S. & Colleges by Earnest Chukwudi Anie.
- Agricultural Science for JSS (Upper Basic Education) by L. A. Are et al.
- Prescribed Agricultural Science for J.S.S. by S. E. Omoruyi et al.
Instructional Materials :..
Previous Knowledge :
The pupils have previous knowledge of
Forms/ Branches of Agriculture (Crops).
Behavioural Objectives : At the end of the lesson, the pupils should be able to
- Define livestock farming.
- List five types of domesticated animals commonly reared by livestock farmers.
- Explain the two major ways of practicing livestock farming in Nigeria.
- List the materials needed for establishing bee farming.
- Explain how bee-farming housing can be constructed.
- Give some uses of honey.
Content :
TOPIC: FORMS OF AGRICULTURE (Cont’d)
Sub – Topic 1: LIVESTOCK FARMING
Livestock farming is a form of agriculture that has to do with rearing or keeping of domesticated animals for the production of milk, meat, hides and skins, egg and other purpose. Farm animals commonly reared by livestock farmers include cattle, goats, pigs (in the south only), sheep, rabbit, and poultry birds (e.g. fowls, turkey, duck, etc).
There are two major ways of practicing livestock farming in Nigeria. The traditional or extensive method whereby the animals are left to fend for themselves with little or no attention. There is no housing, no care and they are exposed to dangers. In the northern part of Nigeria, the herdsmen or Fulani cattle rearers move their animals from place to place in search of green pastures and water.
Under the intensive or modern method, the animals enjoy proper management and care with organized housing, balanced feeding, hygiene and control of diseases and pests.
APICULTURE (Bee Farming)
This is a form of agriculture that has to do with deliberate keeping of bees as a business. It is quite different from the natural type in the sense that the farmer creates artificial location with enough raw materials in a potential bee path.
Materials:
- Beehives/Box-hives and wax foundation sheets for each beehive.
- Garments/wears for preventing bee stings: Bee suits, boots/shoes, hive tool and smoker.
- Knives, hand gloves, brush and packaging bottles for processing.
Construction of Housing for Bee Production:
Construct two-chamber wooden boxes with a removable zinc or aluminum top liner coating and place in a location that will attract bees. It is important to clear the environment to avoid bush fire. Place about twenty (20) wax foundation sheets in each beehive. Put a little honey or palm wine in a container and place in the box or beehive to attract the bees. As many as 30 or more boxes can be set up in a small area.
As the bees feed on sweet foods of plants, they make honey and deposit honey in the honeycomb until it becomes ripe. Then the bees seal the comb, which becomes airtight and brownish in colour. Harvesting is done as from 4-6 months. A box hive yields about 12 litres of honey every 4 weeks. Honey is very high in demand for health considerations. It can also be used for producing creams , candles.and medicine , There is the need for the beginner to undergo training by studying the behaviour of bees to avoid possible attack.
Evaluation:
- Define livestock farming.
- List five types of domesticated animals commonly reared by livestock farmers.
- Explain the two major ways of practicing livestock farming in Nigeria.
- List the materials needed for establishing bee farming.
- Explain how bee-farming housing can be constructed.
- Give some uses of honey.
Sub-Topic 2: SNAIL REARING (SNAILRY)
Heliculture is the practice of rearing or raising snails
FEATURES OF SNAIL
- It is in a class called mollusc
- It is tough and blue-blooded
- It is covered with shell
- It has no threat to human health when eaten as meat. It is instead recommended for diabetic patients, High Blood Pressure (HBP) patients, and health conscious individuals. The liquid in its body is recommended for the treatment of asthma, blood deficiency, etc. It is a seasonal meat (found only in rainy season). There is therefore, high demand for snail as meat hence, the need to keep it domestically.
Housing Requirements:
The houses are of various forms to suit your need in terms of space and capital available.
- Piled motor tyres with net lid
- Pots or drums constructed
- Hutches or cages/boxed fenced pens
- Plantain plantation fenced with net wire.
Management/Skills Required
Choose the breed that can lay more eggs – male and female.
It is cheaper than any other livestock to run comparing the input with the expected return. The labour is simple and feeding is not costly. The source of breed is very simple – you purchase the breed that will benefit your project in terms of high yield. Snails feed on green leaves of cocoyam, cassava, pawpaw, spinach, waterleaf, centrosemna and unripe fruits such as pawpaw, banana, plantain, tomato, etc; tubers and flowers. Salt should not be added to any snail feed to prevent them from dying.
Evaluation:
- List 4 various house forms of snail.
- State 4 reasons why the demand of snail meat is high in the society.
- State five different feeds of snails.
PRE-READING ASSIGNMENT
WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT
Activity: Familiarize yourself with the various forms of agriculture through the study of charts and pictures
Presentation
The topic is presented step by step
Step 1:
The class teacher revises the previous topics
Step 2.
He introduces the new topic
Step 3:
The class teacher allows the pupils to give their own examples and he corrects them when the needs arise
Conclusion :
The class teacher wraps up or conclude the lesson by giving out short note to summarize the topic that he or she has just taught.
The class teacher also goes round to make sure that the notes are well copied or well written. He or she does the necessary corrections when the need arises.
Assignment :
Prepare for the next lesson by reading about
